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一、听力
本次大学英语四级听力部分分为两个部分：短对话和篇章听力。两部分总的难度走平和路线，较之去年，短对话部分难度没有提升，没有生僻单词的出现，它的难点基本在于语义的理解方面。
例如以下三题都是考察but这个转折词出现后，句子意思的理解问题：
1. m: i think the hostess really went out of her way to make the party a success.
w: yes. the food and drinks were great, but if only we had known a few of the other guests.
q: what did the two speakers say about the party?
这道题目的考点在于“but if only we had known a few of the other guests.” but 表示转折，暗示后面的内容与前面陈述内容相反，即，晚宴不太好的地方是对其他客人不熟悉。
3． m: how do you like the new physician who replaced doctor andrews？
w: he may not seem as agreeable or as thorough as doctor andrews, but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours
q: what can we infer from the woman’s answer?
“but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours，”又是一个语义转折的考点。从女士的回答可以看出，她认为doctor andrews比新来的医生要更适合这份工作，但是他常常让病人等很长时间。
5． w: do you have the seminar schedule with you? i’d like to find out the topic for friday.
m: i gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.
q: what does the man promise to do?
“but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.”虽然男生已经把他的给了朋友，但是图书馆里还有，他可以帮女生带一本。
第7题是考查对比理解。
7．w: here is this week’s schedule, tony. on monday there is the board meeting. your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon. then on wednesday you have the appointment with your lawyer. and…
m: wait! you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?
q: what will the man do this tuesday?
女生说“your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon”男生惊讶于“wait!you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?”即原来安排的是商务会谈，现在取消了。在听这道题目时，考生一定要注意wait 这个词，表示事实情况与原来的安排可能出现了差异，不能仅凭时间状语进行判断。
而篇章听力理解部分有一定的难度。三篇文章，第一篇主要介绍“kudzu”（野葛）这种植物，它来自哪里，对于人类有哪些利弊等等。
第二篇主要介绍“university”这个单词的来源，以及英国国内著名大学的发展历程。
第三篇主要介绍“heifer international”这个国际组织的由来，它给世界人民尤其是发展中国家人民的生活带来了哪些改变或者益处。
三篇文章的难点在于专业术语比较多，例如：“kudzu”，“universitas”，“heifer international”等等，但是文章对于这些术语都有详细的解释，在解释说明时，并没有什么疑难单词出现，语法也不是很复杂。所以，考生在进行听力测试时，遇到生僻的单词千万不要紧张，只要镇定自若地听完全文，在听的过程中，适当做一下笔记，回答后面的问题，并不困难。
二、阅读
一、文章及段落起始常用的过渡词语
to begin with (首先); generally speaking (总体上讲); first of all (第一，首先); in the first place (首先)
二、文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语
therefore, thus (因此); in conclusion (最后); in brief, in a nutshell (简言之); to sum up (总而言之); in a word (总之)
三、常用表示先后次序的过渡词语
first (第一);second (第二);next (其次，然后); eventually (最后，最终)
since then (自此以后); afterward (以后，随后); meanwhile (同时)
therefore (因而); immediately (立刻);finally (最后，最终)
四、常用表示因果关系的过渡词语
Accordingly (于是); for this reason (由于这个原因); as a result of (由……的结果); in this way (这样); consequently (结果，因此); due to(由于……);
Therefore (因而); because of (因为); thus (这样)
五、常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语
In contrast with (和……成对照); similarly (同样);whereas (然而); on the contrary (相反); different from (与……不同);likewise (同样); equally important (同样重要); on the other hand (另一方面)
六、常用表示举例的过渡词语
A case in point (恰当的例子);for example (举例);namely/that is (即，这就是说); for instance (举例)
七、常用表示强调的过渡词语
Furthermore (此外);moreover (而且); besides (此外);in fact (实际上);
Also (而且，也); indeed (的确); again (另外，还); in particular (尤其，特别); naturally (当然，自然，必然)
[英语四级作文真题]
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Currently，whether to start a career after graduation has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way. People's opinions about this issue vary from person to person. I consider that starting our own business tends to pose a considerable number of threats to our future.
First and foremost, compared with graduate education, our knowledge will be limited and our horizons will be narrowed if we choose to take a position after graduation due to the fact that possessing a bachelor’s degree is to maintain one’s competitiveness. In addition, applying for a job is likely to take up our precious time which can be used for more valuable activities.
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that we should be prudent and cautious when we face various options after graduation.
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Currently，whether to live in a big city has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way. People's opinions about this issue vary from person to person. I consider that living in a big city tends to pose a considerable number of threats to our future.
First and foremost, since the phenomenon of left-behind children has arisen as one of the most fearful social situations, parents are likely to have less family time with their children, which is detrimental to fostering harmonious families. In addition, busy city life is also negative for our mental health. The fierce competition that exists everywhere in big cities is destructive to our relationship with our colleagues, neighbors, and even friends, resulting in our isolation and loneliness.
Taking all these factors into consideration, I solidly consider that we should be prudent and cautious when we consider about the question of whether we should live in big cities.
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
There is a widespread concern over the issue that whether studying abroad is a good choice after graduation. People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. From my personal perspective, I hold that it is advisable for the students to study abroad after graduation.
There are a variety of reasons for studying overseas. On one hand, students can enrich their knowledge and enlarge their horizons by being exposed to new cultures. On the other hand, the students going abroad can cultivate the spirit of self-dependence. In addition, overseas degrees from top universities in the world can provide more competitive advantages for their future careers than those obtained at home.
To make a long story short, it is sensible that we should take a rational attitude when we make a choice. Only in this way can we shoulder the real success.
英语四级作文真题范文:参观养老院
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Visit to Elderly People Brings Them Great Laughter and Joy
Students from the School of Physics took part in a volunteer activity organized by the Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood this weekend, bringing them great laughter and joy.
With the increasing awareness of the aging of population, the whole society sets out to take better care of and show more respect for our senior citizens for their lifelong dedication and commitment to our society. In response to the call, this weekend a group of volunteers went to the local community to communicate with the elderly and help them with some housework. Much pleased at their coming, all the elderly people expressed their sincere thanks for young volunteers' company. In the light of many adult children not being able to visit their aging parents frequently, many old people have to endure loneliness. Thus, what matters most to than is the company and listening attentively is just a good idea.
The Student Union expressed their willingness to sponsor more meaningful activities like this to serve our society with college students' passion and talents.
英语四级作文真题范文：为外国友人推荐学习汉语的地方
写作真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
参考答案
Dear Mike,
How's everything going? Last time you said you felt inclined to learn Chinese but had no clue where to start. So I'm writing to recommend a place to you -- the Confucius Institute, an established language center aimed to promote Chinese language and culture.
The reasons for my recommendation are as follows. Firstly, this Chinese government-funded educational institute is staffed by the most experienced, professional Chinese teachers, which ensures high-quality instruction. You can turn to them whenever you encounter difficulties in mastering the tones and the characters. Secondly, students there are encouraged to take part in activities ranging from making traditional food to learning clligraphy, as a means of exposing them to the appealing aspects of Chinese culture. Besides, the organization is now widely embraced by more than two million students. That means you aren' t alone as a beginner and will probably forge deep friendships with other learmers.
Learming a language from scratch won't be easy. But I believe you'll find yourself having fun while improving your Chinese proficiency.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
英语四级作文真题范文：为外国友人推荐一座城市
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Hi Mark,
I'm so glad that you have made up your mind to teach English in China. Before you make a decision about your precise destination, let me introduce my hometown, Chongqing.
Located in southwest China, Chongqing may not enjoy worldwide fame as much as Beijing or Shanghai, but it is a thriving metropolis with lower cost of living. Working and living here, you can achieve your career goals without feeling too much stress. The locals are known for being warm and hospitable, and you can teach in a way that feels good for you. To be sure, teaching a foreign language in a city where residents speak a dialect all the time can be very challenging. It takes time indeed to correct pronunciation mistakes each student makes. But since you are always praised for your kindness and patience, it should hardly be an obstacle for you.
Anyway, I will support and help you as much as possible, whichever city you go to. I believe living and teaching in China will be a pleasant and memorable experience for you.
Li Ming
英语四级作文真题范文：参观希望小学
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope Elementary School organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
A Visit to Fanhai Hope Elementary School Received a Warm Welcome
A two-day visit to Fanhai Hope Elementary School organized by the Student Union of our university has been completed as scheduled this weekend.
Aiming at fostering college students' service awareness and helping pupils of rural areas better understand the colorful college life so as to motivate them to study harder, the Student Union organized an activity named A Trip of Love Seed. A team of 30 college students' participated in this trip. The visit was warmly welcomed by all the students and staff of Fanhai, followed by a range of colorful activities, such as the interaction among students about the fascinating college life, a visit to the school art show of students' works of painting and handicraft and teaching activities focusing on showing the magical science world to the pupils.
Both the pupils and our college students were actively involved in all these brilliant activities. And the headmaster of Fanhai spoke highly of this trip as well as the devotion, enthusiasm and creativity of our students.
认真审题、构思。
先分析题目所包含的内容和信息，把握住出题者的意图，确定文章属于哪一种体裁，思考表达文体和写作手法，将主题思想完美表达出来，然后仔细阅读作文要求、提纲或其他相关内容(如图表、图画、数字说明等)，注意抓住题目和提纲中的关键词及提纲要点之间的衔接和逻辑关系，进一步考虑怎样组织段落来突出主题。
注意篇章结构，合理布局
尽管四六级作文篇幅较短(120字左右)、内容覆盖面较窄，但毕竟是一篇完整的文章，这就要求考生们写出的文章要结构健全，给人以整体感;要篇中分段，且段落划分得体，长短合理，一般以三、四段为宜。
开头部分(Opening paragraph)即第一段，说出文中的要点、核心问题或对现象进行描述。
主体部分(Body paragraphs)可用一段或两段来写，主要是围绕主题展开叙述、讨论。
结尾部分(Concluding paragraph)是对全文的总结和概括或表达自己的观点。
写好文章首尾段，同时要做到全文中心突出、段落之间有机地联系，内容完整、连贯、前后呼应。
收集材料, 支持主题句
材料可以是事实、例证、亲身经历、名人名言、谚语警句等。应当注意的是，所选材料要与文章的主题相符，即要“扣题”。同时要具有典型性，能充分说明问题。在有多个例证的段落中，还要注意各个例证之间的连贯性。
书写要整齐、规范。
检查单词拼写、大小写、标点符号以及文章的时态、语态和主谓一致，避免片断句(fragment sentence)和不断句(run-on sentence)。
1.英语四级真题试卷题型
2.英语四级题型
3.大学英语四级真题各题型分值
4.英语四级分数题型分布
5.公共英语四级题型
6.英语四级题型
7.英语四级各个题型分数
8.英语四级写作题型
9.英语四级翻译题型
10.英语四级新题型
Harmfulness of Fake Commodities
In recent years, a lot of fake commodities have appeared in the market. These fake commodities have done great harm to the consumers and the society.
Since the policy of reform was implemented, China’s economy has improved. A lot of people getting richer, and their living conditions are getting better. But still some of them are not satisfied. They dream of getting rich overnight and living a heavenly life, which, of course, is impossible to achieve by fair means. So they risk breaking the law to produce the market take commodities.
Once these fake commodities enter the market, they will do immeasurable harm to the society. The direct victims are the consumers. As the quality of the fake commodities is always very poor, the consumers may suffer great losses. Certain fake commodities, such as food and medicine, will cause irreparable harm to the health and well-being of the consumers. Fake commodities also cut into the profits of the brand-name-owners. Since the fake ones are cheaper, people tend to be reluctant to buy the genuine ones.
If a foreign friend of mine is going to visit my hometown, Shanghai, I would like to take her to Yu Garden.
如果我的一个外国朋友参观我的家乡,上海,我想带她去豫园。
Yu Garden is a traditional Chinese garden located beside the City God Temple in the northeast of Shanghai. Here she will marvel at the exotic and exquisite beauty of the Chinese Garden. She can walk on the crooked bridge and take photos of the beautiful goldfish. Besides, she can taste the local cuisines like steamed buns, wonton noodles, soy milk. There are a variety of mouth-watering snacks there. Apart from the beautiful scenery and delicious food, she will also be attracted by the remarkable performance of different craftsmen. For example, she will see Shanghai-style paper-cutting, and the process of making Chinese candy and clay figurines.
豫园是一个传统的中式花园坐落在上海的城隍庙在东北。她会惊叹中国人的异国情调和精致的美丽花园。她能走在弯曲的桥梁和拍摄美丽的金鱼。此外,她可以品尝当地的美食像馒头,馄饨面条,豆浆。有各种各样的美味小吃。除了美丽的风景和美味的食物,她也会显著的性能不同的工匠所吸引。例如,她会看到海派剪纸,中国糖果和粘土雕像的过程。
I believe my friend will have a great day if she visits Yu Garden. This is a place where the features of this city are combined.
我相信我的朋友会有美好的一天,如果她访问豫园。这是这个城市的特点结合的地方。
【点评】
本次四级作文一反以往的图片题形式，改为情境式话题作文，可能让准备好图片题写作的同学有点措手不及。不过话题贴近生活，要求介绍自己家乡的某景点，写起来相对简单。此类文章在结构上的要求不像议论文那样严格，所以可以在语言文字上博出彩，增加词汇的丰富性、句子的流畅性都是不错的加分点。
命题解析
本题要求首先简要描述图画，然后评论这个孩子对上学的理解。图画显示：一个小孩问母亲：如果我的手机已经知道一切，为什么我还要上学呢?显而易见，本题主旨为手机是否可以取代上学。
写作思路：
1、本题首段应简要描述图画，指出当代有些年轻人认为手机可以取代上学。
2、次段最好进行正反论证，说明手机虽然可以帮助获得大量信息，但无法取代教育，教育绝非仅仅是获取信息。
3、第三段最好提出建议措施：我们应该合理使用手机，同时学校教育必不可少、不可或缺。
参考范文：
It is subtly revealed in the portrayal that a young boy is talking with his mother in their house. The boy asks confusingly, “Why am I going to school if my phone already knows everything?”
We often hear of successful people who are largely “self-taught”. I say largely because, in all cases, they have received some formal teaching, whether it was from a teacher in a classroom, or from parents or a relative at home. In my case, I am glad I always learned from teachers, from fist grade all the way through my Master’s degree. A good teacher adds considerably to the materials contained in the textbooks.
In conclusion, it takes a great deal of self-discipline to learn a subject via mobile phones with only self-study, having no guidance or instruction from a teacher. A skilled and talented teacher can add so much richness to what is being learned. I believe it is always better to have a teacher to some degree.
如图所示，一个小孩正在家中和他的母亲谈话。这个男孩疑惑地问：“如果我的手机已经知道一切了，我为什么还要去上学呢?”
我们常听人说某某成功人士多半靠“自学”成才。 之所以说“多半”是因为所有的成功人士都曾接受过正规教育，有的是在教室里听老师讲课，有的是在家里由父母或亲属给上课。拿我来说，我很庆幸从大一一直到硕士研究生毕业我都在跟着老师学。一位好的老师可以教给你许多课本材料以外的东西。
总之，在没有老师指点的情况下，通过手机自学一门学科需要严格的自律。而一位经验丰富且有才华的教师能教给你许多书本知识以外的东西。所以我想，在某种程度上，有老师教总归更好。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Children’s participation in reality shows. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Children’s participation in reality shows
Nowadays, it has become a trend for children to participate in reality shows. However, is it really good for them?
There are two sides for each coin. On one hand, participating in reality shows is good for children. First, it can make children more courageous and more confident. Second, some shows such as outdoor shows can make children more independent. For example, in some shows, children are required to accomplish some tasks without their parents accompanying them. That is a good way to train the children.
On the other hand, children’s participation in reality shows may cause some disadvantages to them. For instance, children may become vainglorious if they win some fame from the shows. They may tend to pay more attention to undeserved reputation instead of studying hard. They may overlook the importance of working hard.
As a result, you really need to think carefully before you take your children to reality shows. I personally feel that these shows make the children grow up too fast. Why not just let them be children?
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “The meaning of life is to find your gift, the purpose of life is to give it away.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
The Meaning and Purpose of Life
Everyone may encounter a scene when he or she wonders what the meaning and purpose of life is. Answers to this question vary from person to person. As for me, I agree with the view that the meaning of life is to discover your gift and the purpose of life is to make the best of it.
On one hand, one's gift could be the source of his inner happiness, providing spiritual impetus and correct orientation. Take the world-renowned Chinese pianist Lang Lang as an example. His gift was noticed before he was 3 years old, which laid the foundation of his glorious life. On the other hand, proper use of talent helps people to realize their value in a positive way, thus making contribution to the society as a whole. For instance, Isaac Newton made a universally amazing discovery by digging into his gift and finding the Newton's law of gravitation.
In conclusion, let's search for our true gift and utilize it to the fullest to achieve a happy and valuable life.
【延伸阅读】
毫无疑问，第一段的一个百分比吸引了阅卷老师的眼球。conduct , a proportion of , spend much money等词、短语的运用，形成良好的第一印象。注意:该篇文章是个例外，将“一句话”放在了第一段，是因为很容易举出数字的例子来说明“有些人认为某些数字会带来好运”的论点，中国人的传统思维中，一想到数字和运气，总会想起8或6等;而相反第二段反对这种观点则不好构思例子。
快捷构思
第一段:在模板句引人话题后接着提出首段中心“有些人认为某些数字会带来好运”。而后“一句话”数例为具体现象展示，说明大多数的人都会花很多钱让电话号码或车牌号含有8这个数字，希望自己能走运。
第二段:开门见山展现段落中心“有些人认为数字和运气无关”，并用Numbers alone can never bring good luck to a person at all without his real efforts来支持这个观点。
第三段:直接展现自己观点，并简要提出一个原因Opportunities are only for the prepared mind.
其实作文的题目已经把要写的'需求都写得很清楚了，大家考场上需要做的，就是先仔细审题，把下面这些关键字先圈出来：
Sell a computer: used（所以不是新的电脑）, brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information
Sell a bike: used（所以不是新的电脑）, brand, features, condition and price, and your contact information
Sell course books: a brief description of their content, their condition and price, and your contact information.
注意：虽然题目中说的是you may include ,但是作为卖二手货的广告，有些必要的信息是一定不能漏的condition, price and contact information所以这三个信息在三套写作题里都出现了，说明十分重要！这次很多考生，因为害怕涉及个人信息泄露，就自动忽略了contact information，亦或是写到最后，就忘记附上这一点了。这样没有个人联系方式的广告，本就违背了应用文的写作目的，所以最后写作分数上也一定会受到一些影响。
1.近年来，整容现象屡见不鲜
2.出现这一现象的原因
3.我对这一现象的看法和建议
On Cosmetic Surgeries
In recent years,there have appeared more and more artificial beauties around only those actresses but also many ordinary women are crazy about cosmetic fail to resist the temptation of becoming more beautiful by changing some parts of their bodies within a few hours’ surgery.
What are responsible for the prevalence of cosmetic surgeries? Firstly,thanks to the development of shaping techniques,the chances of successful surgeries have increased greatly,which makes more people begin to believe and accept cosmetic , with the improvement of living standard,people have more money to satisfy their nature of pursuing beauty.
From my point of view,cosmetic surgeries have their necessity of existence in modern do help some people build confidence by giving them a beautiful face or figure. However,cosmetic surgeries cannot bring permanent beauty and might be think one’s inner beauty is more suggest that people should think twice before deciding to accept cosmetic surgeries.
1、本题首段应简要描述图画，指出人们无论工作、家庭、休闲或休息，都与电脑关系密切。
2、次段最好进行正反论证，说明电脑有利有弊：一方面可以满足工作生活的需要并娱乐自我，另一方面过度沉迷也会浪费大量的时间和精力。
3、第三段最好提出建议措施：我们应该扬长避短，在合理使用电脑的同时，避免过度沉迷。
As is symbolically illustrate in the cartoon, a person is always staying in front of a computer no matter whether he or she is working, studying or playing. Even when he is sleeping, the image of surfing on line is also indispensable in his sweet dreams.
The metaphorical and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and computer. On the one hand, there is no denying that the computer is currently one of the most efficient tools either to entertain oneself or to meet the work's needs. But on the other hand, a good many people admit that they are too much addicted to computers to maintain face-to-face contact with their friends and colleagues. Once indulged in the fictitious world, people feel reluctant to approach others and to concentrate on real life.
Hence, it is necessary for us to use computers in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence. After all, the computer is invented to connect you and me, and to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people beyond reach.
12月英语四级考试真题
art I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
________________________________________________________________________
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A News Report
Directions： In this section， you will hear three news reports。 At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。 Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）， B）， C） and D）。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in .
B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.
C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.
D) Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.
2. A) It is stable.
B) It is durable.
C) It is inexpensive.
D) It is sophisticated.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) It lasted more than six hours.
B) No injuries were yet reported.
C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.
D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.
4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.
B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.
C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.
D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Shrinking potato farming.
B) Heavy reliance on import.
C) Widespread plant disease.
D) Insufficient potato supply.
6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.
B) It wants to expand its own farming.
C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.
D) It is worried about unfair competition.
7. A) Global warming.
B) Ever-rising prices.
C) Government regulation.
D) Diminishing investment.
Section B Conversation
Directions： In this section， you will hear two long conversations。 At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions。 Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question。 You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) Informative.
B) Inspiring.
C) Dull.
D) Shallow.
9. A) She types on a keyboard.
B) She does recording.
C) She takes photos.
D) She takes notes.
10. A) It keeps her mind active.
B) It makes her stay awake.
C) It enables her to think hard.
D) It helps her kill time.
11. A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.
B) It helps her better remember what she learns.
C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.
D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) To spend her honeymoon.
B) To try authentic Indian food.
C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.
D) To trace the origin of a love story.
13. A) In memory of a princess.
B) In honor of a great emperor.
C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.
D) To celebrate the birth of a princess's 14th child.
14. A) It looks older than expected.
B) It is built of wood and bricks.
C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.
D) It has walls decorated with jewels.
15. A) Their streets are narrow.
B) They are mostly crowded.
C) Each one has a unique character.
D) Life can be tedious in some places.
Section C Passage
Directions： In this section， you will hear three passages。 At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions。 Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They help spread the latest technology.
B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.
C) They provide residents with the resources needed.
D) They allow free access to digital books and videos.
17. A) By helping them find jobs.
B) By inspiring their creativity.
C) By keeping them off the streets.
D) By providing a place of relaxation.
18. A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.
B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.
C) They tended to visit libraries regularly.
D) Their number increased modestly.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.
B) It is the largest cat in Africa.
C) It is an unusual cross breed.
D) It is a large-sized wild cat.
20. A) They are as loyal as dogs.
B) They have unusually long tails.
C) They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.
D) They know how to please their owners.
21. A) They shake their front paws.
B) They teach them to dive.
C) They shower with them.
D) They shout at them.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) Anxious and depressed.
B) Contented and relieved.
C) Excited but somewhat sad.
D) Proud but a bit nervous.
23. A) It is becoming parents biggest concern.
B) It is gaining increasing public attention.
C) It depends on their parents for success.
D) It starts the moment they are born.
24. A) Set a good example for them to follow.
B) Read books and magazines to them.
C) Help them to learn by themselves.
D) Choose the right school for them.
25. A) Their intelligence.
B) Their home life.
C) The effort they put in learning.
D) The quality of their school.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious ___26___ occurring in the developing world.
The figures include a number of costs ___27___ with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.
The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes ___28___ like home heating and cooking, has remained ___29___ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray ___30___ it as an “urgent call to action.” One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little ___31___, he said.
The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income ___32___ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low and middle-income countries live in places where they ___33___ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.
But the problem is not limited ___34___ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U. S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel (柴油) ___35___ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.
A) ability
B) associate
C) consciously
D) constant
E) control
F) damage
G) described
H) equals
I) exclusively
J) innovated
K) regularly
L) relates
M) sources
N) undermine
O) vehicles
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing Progress
A) Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph's market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy. “Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare; you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.”
B) Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center's “Shop with Your Doc” program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with questions.
C) Nаdеаu nоt?се? thе рrе-mаdе mасаrоn?（通心粉）-аnd-сhее?е bохе? ?n ?соtt'? ?hорр?ng саrt аnd suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I'd have to make it?” she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I'm not sure they'd eat it. They just won't eat it.”
D) Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.
E) Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it's making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications（药物）. By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as “Shop with Your Doc”, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. “There's no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices,” Nadeau says.
F) In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of St. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital's medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they're eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”
G) In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine—that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation's high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood, pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.
H) “It's a different paradigm（范式）of how to treat disease,” says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patient's nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.
I) Many people don't know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient's life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient's family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea says. “As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease.”
J) Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症）, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cell. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet—particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.
K) “As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in it.”
36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.
37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.
38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.
39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.
40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.
41. One food-as -medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.
42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.
43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.
44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.
45. Americans' high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted （抽取）. The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers（地下蓄水层）below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously thought.
It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual setting down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.
Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating（脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.
One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
46. How could California's drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?
A) By building more reserves of groundwater.
B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth.
C) By developing more advanced drilling devices.
D) By upgrading its water distribution system.
47. What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?
A) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.
B) It was not considered worth the expense.
C) It may not provide quality freshwater.
D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.
48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
A) The sinking of land surface.
B) The harm to the ecosystem.
C) The damage to aquifers.
D) The change of the climate.
49. What does the author say about deep wells?
A) They run without any need for repairs.
B) They are entirely free from pollutants.
C) They are the ultimate solution to droughts.
D) They provide a steady supply of freshwater.
50. What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?
A) People's health may improve with cleaner water.
B) People's water bills may be lowered considerably.
C) The cost may go up due to desalination.
D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
The AlphaGo programs victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
About the same time as AlphaGo's triumph, Microsoft's 'chatbot' took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
AlphaGo's victory and Taylor's defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.
Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and “just better human beings.”
51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo's victory?
A) Computers will prevail over human beings.
B) Computers have unmatched potential.
C) Computers are man's potential rivals.
D) Computers can become highly intelligent.
52. What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?
A) They are capable of predicting possible risks.
B) They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.
C) They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
D) They sacrifice everything to save human lives.
53. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?
A) How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.
B) How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.
C) How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.
D) How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.
54. What do we learn about Microsoft's “chatbot” Taylor?
A) She could not distinguish good from bad.
B) She could turn herself off when necessary.
C) She was not made to handle novel situations.
D) She was good at performing routine tasks.
55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?
A) It will be far superior to human beings.
B) It will keep improving as time goes by.
C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
12月真题
Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Spring Festival Gala. You should write at least 120 words following the outline liven below:
1.许多人喜欢在除夕观看春节晚会
2.有些人提出取消春节晚会
3.我的看法
Spring Festival Gala on CCTV
As regards the Spring Festival Gala there has been a heated discussion among the general in public in our society. People who believe in-its necessity argue that the Spring Festival Gala performed on CCTV on New Year's Eve presenting grand sight and sound has already been considered as an indispensable custom by many Chinese people.
By contrast，others hold that the 4-hour show is gradually losing its appeal and should he cancelled. The past two decades has witnessed a steady decrease in the number of people watching the Spring Festival Gala from 943 , 500 , 000 to 728 , 500 , the roaring development of economy，various mass media come out like bamboo shoots after spring rain，making it increasingly difficult to cater to all tastes.
As far as I am concerned，I prefer the program to stay. Served as an occasion for families to get together, the Spring Festival Gala is a tradition and treasure of the Chinese people.(153词)
“一句话”点评
毫无疑问，第二段中的两个数据将首先吸引阅卷老师的眼球，同时该句还使用了decade , witness , steady等亮点词和watching分词短语做后置定语，这将给阅卷老师留下良好的第一印象。应该注意的是:比较对照型的第一段往往已经有了一个比较长的模板句，所以建议将“一句话”放在第二段。
从本范文三段之间的篇幅对比和画线部分模板词句来看，比较对照型的整篇构思清晰明了。而且，除第一段第一句为模板句引人话题外，其他段落首句皆为段落中心句(即题目所给提纲)，第一段第二句前半句紧跟其后的为段落中心，完全符合“黄金3原则”的谋篇原则。
第一段:在模板句引人话题后接着提出首段中心“有些人喜欢(认为有必要举行)春节晚会”，并用presenting grand sight and sound和be considered as an indispensable custom by many Chinese people两个原因来支持段落中心。
第二段:开门见山展现段落中心“也有些人提出要取消春节晚会”。而后“一句话”数例为具体现象展示，说明越来越多的人不喜欢了。最后呈现人们不喜欢的原因:媒体暴增，晚会不能满足人们的各种[l味了。
第三段:直接展现自己的观点，并简要提出一个原因，不做更深层次的展开。
美丽词句
(1) presenting grand sight and sound展现美好的视听盛宴
(2)indispensable不可缺少的(优于necessary , important等表达)
(3)lose its appeal失去吸引力(如要表达“对……有吸引力”则用sth. appeal to sb.)
(4)come out like bamboo shoots after spring rain像雨后春笋般呈现出来
(5)increasingly逐渐地，越来越……(优于全国人民都习惯使用的more and more )
(6)cater to all tastes满足各种日味
Example：
The Impact of Mobile Phone Use on Education
The presented picture reflects a common trend in the way people are educated nowadays. In this picture, the mother is going to walk her son to school. But according to the son, he doesn’t really need to go to school since the phone in his hand already knows everything. The picture reveals the impact of mobile phone use on education.
Can mobile phone replace traditional class in school? I don’t think so. First of all, students can develop their own way and habit of learning under the guidance of the teachers, which can benefit their life-long learning. Secondly, every subject of education in school is systematic, such as Chinese, mathematics, science and philosophy. Education should not be considered as information fragments that we randomly collect on the mobile phones. Last but not least, students can have exact face-to-face communication with their teachers and classmates, which will help to cultivate their communicative abilities.
In conclusion, mobile phone use is a convenient way of obtaining information, but it is still necessary that we attend school to get formal education.
Part III Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Directions:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was the conversation and the questions will be spoken only each question there will be a the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer,Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
11.
A) He needs another week for the painting.
B) The painting was completed just in time.
C) The building won’t open until next week.
D) His artistic work has been wellreceived.
12.
A) Go camping. B) Decorate his house.
C) Rent a tent. D) Organize a party.
13.
A) She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone.
B) She is about to call Mr. Wright’ssecretary.
C) She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time.
D) She failed to reach Mr. Wright.
14.
A) He is actually very hardworking.
B) He has difficulty finishing his project.
C) He needs to spend more time in the lab.
D) He seldom tells the truth about himself.
15.
A) Rules restricting smoking.
B) Ways to quit smoking.
C) Smokers’ health problems.
D) Hazards of passive smoking.
16.
A) He is out of town all morning.
B) He is tied up in family matters.
C) He has been writing a report.
D) He has got meetings to attend.
17.
A) He is not easy-going.
B) He is the speakers’ boss.
C) He is not at home this weekend.
D) He seldom invites people to his home.
18.
A) Take a break.
B) Refuel his car.
C) Ask the way.
D) Have a cup of coffee.
Questions19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19.
A) They are as good as historical films.
B) They give youngsters a thrill.
C) They have greatly improved.
D) They are better than comics on film.
20.
A) The effects were very good.
B) The acting was just so-so.
C) The plot was too complicated.
D) The characters were lifelike.
21.
A) They triumphed ultimately over evil inthe battle.
B) They played the same role inWar of the Worlds.
C) They are popular figures among youngpeople.
D) They are two leading characters in thefilm.
Questions22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22.
A) It is scheduled on Thursday night.
B) It is supposed to last nine weeks.
C) It takes place once a week.
D) It usually starts at six.
23.
A) To make good use of her spare time inthe evening.
B) To meet the requirements of herin-service training.
C) To improve her driving skills as quicklyas possible.
D) To get some basic knowledge about carmaintenance.
24.
A) Participate in group discussions.
B) Take turns to make presentations.
C) Listen to the teacher’s explanation.
D) Answer the teacher’s questions.
25.
A) Most of them are female.
B) Some have a part-time job.
C) They plan to buy a new car.
D) A few of them are old chaps.
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
26.
A) She is not good at making friends.
B) She is not well off.
C) She enjoys company.
D) She likes to go to concerts alone.
27.
A) Their similar social status.
B) Their interdependence.
C) Their common interest.
D) Their identical character.
28.
A) Invite Pat to a live concert.
B) Buy some gifts for Pat’s kids.
C) Help take care of Pat’s kids.
D) Pay for Pat’s season tickets.
29.
A) It can develop between people with a bigdifference in income.
B) It can be maintained among people ofdifferent age groups.
C) It cannot last long without similarfamily background.
D) It cannot be sustained when friends movefar apart.
PassageTwo
Questions 30to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30.
A) Priority of students’ .
B) Equal education opportunities to allchildren.
C) Social equality between teachers andstudents.
D) Respect for students’ individuality.
31.
A) Efficient.
B) Complicated.
C) Lengthy.
D) Democratic.
32.
A) To help them acquire hands-onexperience.
B) To try to cut down its operationalexpenses.
C) To provide part-time jobs for needystudents.
D) To enable them to learn to takeresponsibility.
PassageThree
Questions33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33.
A) The best way to work through a fingermaze.
B) Individuals doing better in front of anaudience.
C) Researchers having contributed greatlyto psychology.
D) Improvements on the classification ofhuman behavior.
34.
A) When you feel encouraged by theaudience.
B) When you try to figure out a confusinggame.
C) When you already know how to dosomething.
D) When you complete with other people in agroup.
35.
A) Practicing constantly.
B) Working by oneself.
C) Learning by doing.
D) Using proven methods.
A) It is part of everyday life. B) It is a unique human trait.
C) It is yet to be fully understood. D) It is beyond ordinary people.
Americans today have different eatinghabits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36) ______ of foodavailable. They have a broader (37) ______ of nutrition (营养), so theybuy more fresh fruit and (38) _______ than ever before. At the same time, Americans(39)______ increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.
Statistics show that the way people live(40) ______ the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are nowgrowing numbers of people who live alone, (41) ______ parents and children, anddouble-income families. These changing lifestyles are (42) ______ for theincreasing number of people who must (43) ______ meals or sometimes simply gowithout them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparingfood. (44) _________________________________. Moreover, Americans eat outnearly four times a week on average.
It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume.(45) ___________________________________. This information not only tells uswhat people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes andtastes. (46) __________________________________. Instead, chicken, turkey andfish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased inrecent years.
四级听力答案
11-15BADAA
16-20DBBCA
21-25DCDCA
26-30BCDAC
31-35DDBCB
36. selection
37. knowledge
38. vegetables
39. purchase
40. determines
41. single
42. responsible
43. rush
44. Partly as a consequence of this limitedtime, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens
45. The United States Department ofAgriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accuraterecords
meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer anAmerican favorite
四级听力原文
听力短对话
W: Have you finished that painting for the new student center?
M: Just this morning, I've been working extra hours all week. You know the building opens tomorrow.
Q: What does theman mean?
M: Do you sell camping gear?
W: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves.
Q: What is the man probably goingto do?
M: Hi, Jenny! Have you talked to Mr. Wright about the new sports program?
W: Well, I contacted his office half an hour ago, and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2:00.
Q: What does the woman mean?
M：Bill says he's not working so hard on his biology project.
W: But he spends a lot of time inthe lab, doesn't he?
Q: What does the woman imply about Bill?
M: I have to say I find the newsmoking regulations too strict.
W: Well, they are for everyone'shealth. I have no complaints.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?
W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He's tied up in meetings all morning.
M: I was hoping he'd bring ithimself. I need to talk with him about it.
Q: Why can't Jack come in person?
M: Should we invite Mr. Smith tojoin us for dinner this weekend? He's just come back from England.
W: You can have a try. But as faras I know, he seldom accepts invitations from his employees.
Q: What can we infer about
W: This place doesn't look familiar at all. We must be lost.
M：Yeah，it seems so. Let's pull in here. WhileI'm filling in the tank, you go ask the way and get me something to drinkplease.
Q: What is the man going to do first?
听力长对话原文1
Conversation One
M: Well, did you enjoy it?
W: Yes, I enjoy it much more that I thought I would.
M: Really?
W: Yes, I don't usually go to science fiction films; I don't think they are much better than comics on film,if you know what I mean.
M: Yes, sure. And a few years ago, they were certainly like that. But they've got a lot better now.
W: Yes, and historical films,that's what I really like. I never miss a good film set in the middle ages. Oh,and love stories, I never miss one on TV.
M: Funnily enough, I don't likethose kinds of films at all. But to come back to this one, I personally didn'tthink it was very good. It certainly wasn't as good as other science fictionfilms I've seen.
W: Wasn't it?
M: No, not at all. Oh, theeffects were very good.
W: Yes, I thought they weremarvelous, especially the battle in space, incredible.
M: Yes. But I was going to say Ithought the acting was terrible.
W: Yes, I suppose Jason was toogood to be true. And what was the name of the baddy?
M: Cargon?
W: Yeah, Cargon was really evil,wasn't he? But I suppose that's what these films are all about—good triumphingover evil. And the characters have to be black and white.
M: Well, yes, but not the Worldswasn't like that, for example. Anyway, you enjoy the 's the most important.
W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me.
Questions 19-21 are based on theconversation you have just heard.
19. What does the man say aboutscience fiction films?
20. What opinion do the speakersshare about the film they have just seen?
21. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon?
听力长对话原文2
Conversation Two
M: Can I ask you about yourevening class? What class do you go to?
W: Car Maintenance.
M: What night of the week is iton?
W: Wednesday night.
M: And how long does it last?
W: Well, it supposed to start at6:00, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty gettingthrough the traffic. So we start at 6: 30 and it goes on until 9 o'clock.
M: And what was your reason forwanting to do the class?
W: Well, I just bought my firstcar and I don't know anything about cars. So I thought it was a goodopportunity to learn. I guess most people in the class are in the samesituation.
M: Um, and what do you actuallydo? Do you bring the car along to the class?
W: Yes, we do. And in the firstpart of the lesson, the first half hour, the man who runs the class will gothough some particular part of the car, and we'll learn about it. And then wespend the rest of the time actually working on our own cars, the same problem.
M: And how many people are therein the class?
W: Mm, I think 16, but 3 quartersof them are women. It's quite interesting because the man is obliviously usedto teaching man. And he always starts his sentence by saying, “Wow, youchaps, hello.” And then he stops and says “Oh, and you woman, ur, youladies, but...ur...”
M: Huh huh... sounds funny.
Questions 22-25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.
22. What does the woman say abouther evening class?
23. Why did the woman want toattend the class?
24. What do the people who attendthe class do in the first part of the lesson?
25. What do we learn about theparticipants in the class?
听力短文原文
Passage 1
We don't choose friends on thebasis of how much money they have, of course, but vast differences can bedisturbing to both sides. Aaron, for example, is single, and earns a very goodsalary. Her friend, Pat, a divorced mother of three, is struggling to make endsmeet. “We are both frequent theatergoers,” Aaron explains, “andI'll gladly pay for two tickets, just to have Pat's company at plays andconcerts. But she won't go anywhere unless she can pay her own way. I hate togo alone. So we both stay home. It all seems so silly.” Pat sees thesituation differently. After an unhappy marriage to a man who tried to controlher without considering her wishes and feelings, she says, “It's very importantto me to carry my own weight. I'm not comfortable in any relationship where allI do is take.”
The difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat's childrenwere with their father, so she took a picnic lunch to her friend's new place,and then spent the day helping her unpack and get settled. “I was sograteful,” Aaron says, “but I persuaded Pat to let me return thefavor in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. I thinkshe's beginning to recognize that she contributes as much to our friendship asI do.”.
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passageyou have just heard.
26. What do we learn about Pat?
27. What draws Aaron and Pat together?
28. What does Aaron do to return Pat's favor?
29. What do we learn aboutfriendship from the passage?
Passage 2
Sun School, in the town of Ashburton,England, is a day school for children aged 10 to 18. It is based on the valueof social equality between students and staff, and has few rules. Sun Schoolbelieves that the healthy growth of a child is more important than academicsuccess. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choosefrom and free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes aresmall and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed,but democratically decided and students are expected to attend. The weeklyschool meeting is at the center of the way. Sun school is organized. It makesall the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable andaccepting or rejecting new students and teachers. Participating in thesemeetings gives the children an understanding of democratic decision-making andhelps them develop their skills of argument and persuasion. The most importantadvantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the schoolis really theirs. They have the right to decide on changes. And the school'ssuccess or failure depends on their decisions and their behavior. Sun Schoolemploys no cooking or cleaning staff, these jobs are done by the students andteachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by the students, it isbelieved that for the school to truly belong to those who use it, they musttake responsibility for its maintenance.
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passageyou've just heard.
30. What value is Sun Schoolbased on?
31. What is characteristic of theschool’s decision-making process?
32. Why does Sun School askstudents to do the maintenance?
Passage 3
Well, to continue, as I mentionedearlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals performworse, not better on tasks when other people are there. did aninteresting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a gamein which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system ofpassages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjectswho did alone.
Nowhow can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for along time. Social psychologist John Roberts finally cleared up the confusionabout why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of anaudience. Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what youalready know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having anaudience helps you do it better. But if you don’t already know how to dosomething, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes fora longer time if you have an audience. That’s exactly what happened to thesubjects who were learning the finger maze.
Soif you are doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you willcontinue to do well. If you are doing badly, having an audience seem increasesthe chances that you will continue to do badly. Roberts cleverly pointed outthat when you are first learning something, you are better off working alonethan practicing with other people.
Question 33 to 35 are based on the passageyou have just heard.
33. What did the speaker probablydiscuss before coming to this part of the talk?
34. When does the presence of anaudience facilitate your performance according to Roberts?
35. What does Roberts think is abetter way to learn new things?
听力填空
Americans today have differenteating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide（36）selectionof food available. They have a broader（37）（营养）, so they buy more fresh fruit and （38）vegetablesthan everbefore. At the same time, Americans （39）purchaseincreasing quantitiesof sweets and sodas.
Statisticsshow that the way people live （40）determinesthe way they lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people wholive alone, （41）singleparents and children, and double-incomefamilies. These changing lifestyles are （42）responsiblefor the increasingnumber of people who must （43）rushmeals or sometimes simply go without Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food.（44）Partly as aconsequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now havemicrowave , Americans eat out nearly four times aweek on average.
Itis easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. （45）TheUnited States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect salesstatistics and keep accurate information not onlytells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes inattitudes and tastes. （46）Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice fordinner, is no longer an American , chicken,turkey and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatlyincreased in recent years.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark ““Nowadays People Are Selfish and Greedy. ”Do You Agree or Disagree with This Point of View?”. You may cite some examples to support your view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Selfish and Greedy
There is no doubt that some people are selfish and greedy. For example,some merchants sell their fake commodities at the market place for more profit. They are rich and want to be richer. There are also government officials who sell people's trust. Senior officials who take bribes by selling the power in their hands are not a few. Those people believe in the precept “Everyone for himself and the devil take the hind most.”
However, the majority of people are neither selfish nor greedy. They contribute much and ask for little. Countless examples can be found around us, the PLA soldiers who sacrificed themselves for saving people's lives in fighting the disastrous floods and the warriors in white who risked their lives to save SARS victims being two of the most typical contrast to the selfish and corrupt official they are heroes, who set up glorious images for us.
The idea that nowadays people are selfish and greedy is probably attributed to the influence of the mass media which tend to over exaggerate the negative aspects of life. Many newspapers, particularly many local evening papers, and TV films play up nastiness by reporting and showing too much about violence and sex. A lot of books, too, portray selfishness and greed to seek sensational effect and economic profit. I wonder whether they are selfish and greedy, too?
本题要求首先描述图画，然后评论家长在其孩子成长中的作用。图中显示：一位女儿兴高采烈地告诉母亲：“妈妈，好消息!我被您选择的大学录取了。”显而易见，本题的主旨是：父母为子女做出了太多的决定，造成子女缺乏独立。
关于两代关系这一话题，国内写作考试已经多次考察。考研(课程)写作考察图画作文“温室花朵经不起风雨”，即父母溺爱造成子女缺乏独立。12月，四级写作考察“父母如何让孩子独立”。如果之前研究过以上真题，本题易如反掌。
1、本文首段应简要描述图画，指出有些父母过于包办造成子女缺乏独立。
2、次段写法比较灵活，可以具体分析父母过于包办的原因，也可以进行举例论证。
3、尾段最好提出建议措施，呼吁父母放手给孩子自由，而子女应努力寻求独立。
The drawing vividly reflects a daughter is chatting with her mother in their house. The eyes sparkling with delight, the daughter tells her mother, “Good news mom! I was accepted to the college of your choice.” Obviously, the implication of the portrayal is that the daughter is lack of independence due to her mother’s doting care.
The lovely daughter is naturally associated with the only children in our current society; the college of the mother’s choice epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the harsh reality. Once the young people begin to seek independence and accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.
Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from the thought-provoking drawing. On the one hand, we can frequently use it to enlighten the youth to be more independent in life. On the other hand, parents should be sensible enough to give their children more freedom to deal with troubles and problems.
这幅漫画生动地揭示了一个女儿正在家中和她的母亲聊天。眼中兴奋地闪着光芒，女儿告诉母亲：“妈妈，好消息!我被您选择的那所大学录取了。”显而易见，这幅漫画的含义就是由于母亲的溺爱，女儿缺乏独立。
这个女儿自然和当代社会的独生子女联系起来;母亲选择的大学就是保护孩子免于严峻现实的父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影。一旦年轻人开始寻求独立并且接受来自现实世界的挑战，人们发现他们已经被惯坏了，在困难面前无法足够坚强。
总之，我们很有必要从这幅发人深思的图画中得出积极的含义。一方面，我们可以经常利用它来启发年轻人在生活中更加独立。另一方面，父母们应该充满理智给孩子们更多自由来处理困难和问题。
按照最舒服的三段式，安排广告信息，做一个简单的草稿；草稿就是结构+关键词就可以了。大家可以参考一下下面这个格式：
P 1: 自我介绍 +背景原因（我是谁，我要干什么，我为什么要卖这个电脑）
P 2:所卖东西的细节信息：brand features fast, reliable, suitable seat, strong tires price以前多少钱，现在多少钱；
P 3:如何练联系我
There are several possible reasons accountable for this phenomenon(中心句). To begin with, family in growing numbers has only one child; therefore, parents oftentimes focus all their attentions on that child and exert much pressure on him or her(原因一). Moreover, numerous parents intend to realize their unfulfilled dreams by letting their children learn what they failed to learn and apply for the college by which they failed to be accepted, because they have become richer and they believe that they have the power to make what they wanted and want come true now(原因二). For instance, my uncle used to be a poor man and his dream that one day he would become a violinist was broken because of lack of money. But he made a fortune by selling coals, and then forced his son, my younger brother to practice playing violin. My brother was a huge fan of sports, but now he has to play violin everyday unwillingly and ofter quarrels with their parents(举例：原来-然后-结局).
To sum up, it is unreasonable for parents to control their children’s life(总结句). In order to help them grow happily and healthily, parents are supposed to communicate with their kids about what they are really interested in(建议一，目的句型). Meanwhile, it is about time that parents let their kids make their own choices(建议二，“是时候”句型). Only in these ways will children grow in a psychologically happy environment and realize their own dreams.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
It is widely accepted that to live and learn is a creed of many centuries. Even in contemporary society, life -long learning still carries great importance to personal happiness.
As a famous saying goes， “Never go out there to see what happens， go out there to make something happen。” Simple as the saying is， its meaning is profound and thought-provoking， which is meant to tell us that we are supposed to be creative instead of acting as the onlooker。
Conspicuous are the impacts of being creative and I would like to explore the following aspects。 To begin with， it is to leading a team to make constant progress what water is to fish， which can be best illustrated by an example concerning an extraordinary basketball player， Yao Ming。 Moreover， this kind of innovation also makes it possible for a nation to promote its international status and improve the comprehensive competitiveness。
From my perspective， keeping creative is so essential that adequate importance must be attached to it。 Only when we literally realize the key role it plays can we become better selves in the foreseeable future。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of listening. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
As we all known, talking and listening are commonly used in communication, but how can you talk without listening to others? Good conversation skills include much more than simply talking to others, listening is also a necessary quality of a successful person.
I firmly believe that listening is of greater significance than talking. For one thing, If you can not listen correctly, you can not talk properly. Just imagine a world where everyone keep talking but nobody listening, it's useless to say anything then. For another, if you want to make achievement in social settings, relationships and business, one way to ensure your success is to be a great listener.
Therefore, in order to enhance our conversation skills, here are a few simple rules we can follow to help us become a better listener, such as stopping talking endlessly, giving your full attention to the speaker and making an effort to shift the focus of the conversation to the other person. All in all, nothing can instead of listening!
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “The beautiful thing about learning is that nobody can take that away from you.” You can cite examples to illustrate the beauty and features of knowledge. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
The Beauty of Knowledge
Praise of knowledge has never come to an end since ancient times. Apparently, knowledge is a treasure that everybody volunteers to possess and much of success could be attributed to it directly or indirectly.
As far as I am concerned, the beauty of knowledge can be explained in three aspects.
Firstly, knowledge is open to all human beings. People can learn whatever they wish in one way or another. Secondly, knowledge learnt can be reflected in one's later life, so that one knows how to savor the present moment in peaceful times and how to deal with problems in difficult times. Last but not least, one of the most prominent features of knowledge is that one carries it throughout his life. Even if one loses a large fortune, he will never be a beggar if he already knows how to make money.
To sum up, knowledge is of great importance in one's lifetime. It is advisable that one should learn the beauty of knowledge and enjoy the process of learning.
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to makes something happen” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being creative rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words, no more than 180 words.
While we often hear some people say that they have great plans and fantastic dreams, they seldom put their plans into reality. These people are the talker not the actor. However, it is the actor not the talker who can achieve the goal.
Rome was not built in one day. We should realize our dream step by step. Although one day’s improvement is little, it can finally become tremendous, so we should not look down upon the trival things. Take study for example, those who stand out in the class are often not the smart ones who ignore everyday actions but the ones who are deligent and devide their dreams into everyday’s action.
Therefore, go out there to see what happens, and go out there to make something happen. Only when you go out to act everyday can you make your dreams come true.
Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Do Lucky Numbers Really Bring Good Luck. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.有些人认为某些数字会带来好运
2.也有些人认为数字和运气无关
3.试说明你的看法
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