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Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition on the topicExtravagant Spending on College Campus. Youshould write at least 120 words, and base yourcomposition on the outline below:
1)很多大学生每月的花销越来越高，根本没有节俭的概念，
2)分析产生这一现象的原因，
3)我的看法。
【范文】
Extravagant Spending on College Campus
According to a survey, in recent years the monthly expenditure of a college student hasbeen on the sharp rise. Many college students have no concept of thrift in their mind. Theytake it for granted that they spend money from their parents before they enter into the extravagant spending is primarily caused by the following factors.
First of all, nowadays most of the students are the only children of their families. They arethe apple in their family’s eyes and naturally get more care and pocket money. In addition, withthe improvement of living standards, parents can afford higher expenditure of their , some students like to pursue fashion and trends, which tend to need more , campus love is also a possible factor causing extravagant spending.
From my point of view, a college student, as a pure consumer, should learn to be should limit our expenditure on daily necessities but not buy whatever we want regardlessof their prices. The habit of thrift can help us form right values and is favorable to our futuredevelopment.
With the social and economic development, our means of transportation have changed a lot over the last few decades, which has brought much convenience to our life.
In the 1970s and 1980s, bicycles were the primary means of public transportation. Families that owned a bicycle were thought to be in relatively good economic conditions. Because of the implementation of the reform and opening policy, the economy and people’s living standards were improved a lot and travelling by private cars became more and more common in 1990s and 2000s. And thanks to the information technology, we can now enjoy bike-sharing service and online ride-hailing service which help to make our journey more economical and flexible.
We have enough reason to believe that our way of transportation could be more and more economically friendly and intelligent.
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Changes in the Way of Transportation
Advanced science and technology affords the remarkable improvement of people’s living standards, which mirrors changes in the way of transportation. As we all know, China in the last century was called “the country on bicycle”, and as time goes by, our current way of transportation has been revolutionized at all.
Many new means of transport can be found easily in our daily life. As for transportation in the cities, cycling is still citizens’ favorite way to deal with their short trip, so the shared bicycle is prevailing and replaces the traditional bike to some extent. While, the traditional bikes gradually feature physical training or performance (such as BMX, Fixed Gear). When it comes to traveling between the cities, passengers in mounting numbers prefer the high-speed train than ordinary train or flight, thanks to China’s advanced construction of railways.
Above all, taking a personal example, these two decades have witnessed the traffic updates in my hometown that there are over 8 subway lines serving, and dozens are in planning and building. Indeed, it is my honor to see our country’s prosperity in transportation.
沟通方式的变化
With the continuous progress of science and technology, great changes have taken place in the way people communicate. The influence of these changes are discussed as follows.
Since the reform and opening up, people have been communicating in the following ways: letters, telegrams, telephone and mobile phones. After entering the 21st century, the appearance of smart phones has brought great changes. First of all, there is no denying that the change of communication mode has brought great convenience to people. Smart phones enabled video communication, and online shopping became popular after its appearance. Second, however, it also brought a lot of adverse effects. For example, the emergence of smart phones have made many people addicted to the virtual world, which not only delayed their study and work, but also affected their family harmony.
In a word, it is inevitable that the development of science and technology will change the way of communication, which will bring a lot of influence to people’s life. We need to take advantage of the convenience of these changes, but we also need to learn to overcome their disadvantages. In this way, we can enjoy life better.
交通出行的变化
教育方式的变化
Along with the development of the society, people’s views on many matters have been changed greatly. In the past, multiple problems existed in school education and family education. But nowadays, so many things have been totally different.
As for school education, the schools traditionally adopted exam-oriented mode regarding the students’ education and failed to pay much attention to other aspects, like quality education. However, this has been altered. The schools have made great efforts to promote all-around development of students, aiming to cultivate more excellent talents. Meanwhile, referring to home education, many children were forced to attend many interest-oriented classes that they hated, making them bear so much extra burden. But now, a large number of parents have changed their mind, for example, they encourage their children to choose the interest-oriented class, and endow more freedom to them.
All in all, lots of changes have taken place in school education and family education. I believe that in the future plenty of things will be better than now, including the current education.
随着社会的发展，人们对许多事情的看法发生了很大的变化。过去，学校教育和家庭教育存在多重问题。但现在，很多事情都完全不同了。
在学校教育方面，传统上学校对学生的教育采取应试教育模式，而忽视了素质教育等其他方面。然而，这一点已经改变了。学校努力促进学生的全面发展，培养更多的优秀人才。同时，在家庭教育方面，许多孩子被迫参加许多他们讨厌的兴趣导向的课程，使他们承担了太多额外的负担。但是现在，很多家长改变了主意，比如鼓励孩子选择兴趣班，给孩子更多的自由。
总之，学校教育和家庭教育发生了许多变化。我相信在未来很多事情都会比现在好，包括现在的教育。
_When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success._ Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
It has been said that when people succeed, it is because of hard work and that luck has nothing to do with success. Although I believe that hard work is very important and is the surest way to success for most people, I must disagree with this statement. It cannot be denied that luck often plays an important role in success. For example, many important discoveries have been made by accident. There have been many cases of researchers and inventors making major breakthroughs while they were actually trying to solve another problem or create a different device.
Furthermore, there is something to be said for simply being in the right place at the right time-perhaps meeting someone by chance who can offer a good job or rare opportunity. And of course, there are the rare examples of gamblers and lottery winners who beat the odds and achieve sudden and unexpected success.
While the influence of luck cannot be ignored, this is not to say that one should depend on it and ignore the value of hard work. If one is willing to work hard, I believe that success will eventually be achieved, with or without the added benefit of luck. Moreover, hard work is often an essential ingredient of luck because it enables one to take advantage of a lucky encounter. If the scientist has not worked hard to develop his knowledge and skills, he may not recognize that lucky breakthrough when it comes along. Therefore, my suggestion is not to count on luck to bring you success. Instead, work hard and keep your eyes open for that lucky opportunity.
This cartoon is silly, and yet compelling: a large customer holds a hopelessly small piece of cloth as the tailor carefully measures. Such an image suggests that one needs to consider practical reality in the pursuance of goals. Merely acting on ones desires, while ignoring the facts at hand, cannot lead to success.
The fact that currently there are more graduates than jobs reminds us of the importance of rational thinking. Every year approximately 3 million students graduate from universities and begin looking for work. Many of them fail to find suitable employment because there are simply not enough opportunities to accommodate such great numbers of graduates. In addition, however, one might also cite flawed individual assessment as a reason.
In order to create a realistic target for ones future, one must make rational decisions and prepare accordingly. A student who aims to be a surgeon, for example, must take care to acquire opportunities to do clinical practice and gain sufficient knowledge. In other words, customers would do well to take accurate measurements before purchasing their fabric. A small piece of cloth cannot adequately clothe a large person.
作文真题：
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
解析：
本次四级作文考察形式为论说文，论说文的评分侧重点为内容的完整性、语言的准确性和结构的清晰度。作文话题为“教育方式的改变”。话题新颖，且较为开放，题目较容易读懂，不容易出现大的偏题，难度适中。要求考生能指出教育方式上出现的变化，分析变化的利与弊，做针对性评论即可。
Changes in the Way of Education
Along with the advent ofthe digital era，great changeshave taken place inevery aspect of our life,among which, the way ofeducationturns out to be the most typical one.
In the past, students used to receive education only in traditional classes, following the orders of teachers, finishing the printed homework and taking part in examinations. If they were confused with something,the only solution was toseek help from the teachers or classmates. However, thanks to the advancement of science and technology, things have changed radically. In this day and age, the popularity of online courses has revolutionized the way students learn. Students can easily gain information, learn knowledge, and even participate tests independentlywith the help of various resources and applications,which has enhanced the learning efficiency and provided much convenience to students.
Indeed, the changes in the way ofeducationare absolutely good signs.Yet, we should also notice that traditional ways will certainly not disappear. In this case, how to best combine the online and traditional ways of education is a concern for everyone.
卷二：
Advanced science and technology affords the remarkable improvement of people’s living standards, which mirrors changes in the way oftransportation. As we all know, China in the last century was called “the country on bicycle”, and as time goes by, our current way of transportation has been revolutionized at all.
卷三：
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Communication. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Changes in the Way of Communication
As the basic point to bridge our society, communication is the key process by which people can share information, thoughts and emotions.Thanks tothe cutting-edge information technology, we make communicating more convenient and efficient via Internet and mobile devices, and naturally affect and change the habits of it.
The change always promises both advantages and detriments. Professionally speaking, the communicating process includes not only spoken and written language, but also body language, personal habits and ways, physical environment -- anything that gives meaning to information.But you cannot fail to notice that our recent online social networkssuch as WeChat, Facebook, etc. focus partially on the former. Undoubtedly, the loss of some information naturally leads to misrepresentation, concealment or deception. Besides, more frightening is that people are getting used to it.
In my opinion, communicating becomes devalued because of its convenience and efficiency and you can completely ignoreyour parents' nagging at home because you have more social options online. Therefore, we should try more face-to-face communication and rationally use social networks.
Personal credit cards are becoming more common in China. Banks and other financial institutions are encouraging their customers to change the way they buy things. Credit cards, otherwise known as “plastic money”, are being offered on very good terms to encourage the change. Consumers will be able to “buy now, pay later”, and many see this as an advantage.
But people need to be careful. There are dangers associated with credit cards. Some people find it very easy to exceed their budget. They are tempted to purchase goods that they do not really need, and can become quickly overburdened by debt. The credit cards often charge a high rate of interest, which exacerbates the problems for these people.
However, used wisely credit cards can improve the quality of people’s lives. They can give people access to money to meet sudden unplanned expenses. Properly handled, they can let people control their expenditure and the monthly statements provide a record of where their money has gone.
Fire Prevention on Campus
People are alarmed by the succession of campus fires in recent years. In each of these accidents, heavy casualties were reported - houses were burned down, students lost their lives, and properties were damaged. Faced with such a chilling fact, people keep asking, What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?
A brief survey of them reveals that human factors still prove to be the leading causes. For example, three of these fires were caused by the students use of electric water-heaters. As students often leave the heaters unattended, the risks are rather high should the water in the bottle boil dry while no one is around to turn off the power. In other cases, fires were also caused by stoves, candles, cigarette butts, etc.
Since most of these disasters could have been prevented if proper precautions had been taken, students should be better educated on the importance and measures of fire control. The following three reminders are of particular importance for us students: First, learn how to use a fire extinguisher. Second, double-check candles, heaters, stoves and other electric appliances, and make sure there are no open flames before leaving rooms. Lastly, do not smoke in the dorm.
Some people enjoy living together with their parents after they have grown up. They hold the opinion because, living with parents, they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. Meanwhile, they can turn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family.
Others, however, prefer to live separately. They cherish the idea to be independent of their parents, seek more freedom and wish to have a place of their own, in which they can do what they like. Bedsides, they dont want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves.
As to me, I like an independent life style in spite of the fact I love my parents. Different generations have different life styles and values. What one generations likes may not be another generations fondness. Living separately, each generation can enjoy different value. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can train my character and develop my own ability to deal with things encountered in my life.
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