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In applying for a student visa and in the process, often will be asked to write a study plan ( study plan ), many foreign friends often not clear study plan and personal statement ( personal statement ) difference and style of writing, the author has long been engaged in student writing, due to the combination of their own experience, introduce the learning program the writing of the book.
Generally the study plan can be submitted to fall into two categories, both to the embassy for visa, or apply for admission to the school is by the. To apply for school programs from the essence and the personal statement is the same type of instruments, about the school application category learning plan can refer to a personal statement of the article, this article mainly introduces the submission of the embassy visa with a study plan.
table of contents
executive summary..........................
management..................................
history...........................
description.............
objectives..................................
competitors................................
competitive advantages...................
innovation..................................
pricing..................................
specific markets..................................
growth strategy....................................
market size and share..........................
targeting new markets.......................
location..................................
manufacturing plan................................
research & development......................
historical financial data........................
proforma financial data.........................
proforma balance sheet.........................
cost control..................................
effects of loan or investment...............
attachments..................................
executive summary
was formed as a in in , by in response to the following market conditions:
opportunities exist in .
the need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.
have several customers who are willing to place large within the next three months.
several other prospective have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.
previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. over the past few years i spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. this plan is a result of that study.
the basic components of this plan are:
1. competitive pricing
2. expand the markets
3. increased advertising
4. lower our unit costs,
5. thereby achieving higher profits.
1. sign contracts
2. increased advertising
3. increase office staff
objectives
long term
believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. to secure a stable future for all those connected with we have set the following long term goals:
present market is estimated at $xxx. our goal for market share is xx%.
we want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:
trade industry awards
high end of scale in financial ratios
major market share
technical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)
community involvement (rotary, united way, etc.)
short term
market share goals -
1. first year xx%
2. second year xx%
3. third year xx%
4. fourth year xx%
costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.
1. budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.
2. set up, maintain] employee benefit program for continuing college education.
3. budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.
4. maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.
5. monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.
6. aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.
7. support company involvement in various local and national charity events.
1、公司基本情况 (公司名称、成立时间、注册地区、注册资本，主要股东、股份比例，主营业务，过去三年的销售收入、毛利润、纯利润，公司地点、电话、传真、联系人。)
2、主要管理者情况 (姓名、性别、年龄、籍贯，学历/学位、毕业院校，政治面貌，行业从业年限，主要经历和经营业绩。)
3、产品/服务描述 (产品/服务介绍，产品技术水平，产品的新颖性、先进性和独特性，产品的竞争优势。)
4、研究与开发 (已有的技术成果及技术水平，研发队伍技术水平、竞争力及对外合作情况，已经投入的研发经费及今后投入计划，对研发人员的激励机制。)
5、行业及市场 (行业历史与前景，市场规模及增长趋势，行业竞争对手及本公司竞争优势，未来3年市场销售预测。)
7、产品制造 (生产方式，生产设备，质量保证，成本控制。)
8、管理 (机构设置，员工持股，劳动合同，知识产权管理，人事计划。)
9、融资说明 (资金需求量、用途、使用计划，拟出让股份，投资者权利，退出方式优秀)
11、风险控制 (项目实施可能出现的风险及拟采取的控制措施。)
公司基本情况
公司性质为:请填写公司性质，如:有限公司、股份有限公司、合伙企业、个人独资等，并说明其中国有成份比例和外资比例。
公司沿革:说明自公司成立以来主营业务、股权。
注册资本等公司基本情形的变动，并说明这些变动的原因。
The first chapter is the basic situation of the company
One, the item company and Associate Company
In two, the organizational structure of the company
Three, company management layer
Four, the history of financial operations
In five, history of management and marketing
In six, the company location
In seven, the company development strategy
In eight, the company internal control management
The second chapter introduces the project product
One, product / service description ( classification, name, specifications, models, yield, price etc.)
Two, product characteristics
Three, product trademark registration
Four, product replacement cycle
Five, product standard
In six, the production of raw materials
Seven, product processing technology
In eight, the main production line equipment
Nine, the core production equipment
Ten, research and development
一、商业计划书摘要-4-
二、公司基本情况及未来发展战略-4-
1公司基本情况-4-
2公司组织结构图-5-
3企业发展战略-6-
4企业发展优势-7-
三、游戏平台介绍及市场环境分析-11-
1游戏平台介绍-11-
2平台定位-11-
3竞争环境分析-11-
四、商业实施方案-14-
1运营模式-14-
2营销战略-14-
3推广策略-17-
4盈利模式-17-
5收入预期-17-
6近期平台营销时间表-18-
五、市场分析-19-
__汽油项目发展商业计划书
一、市场前景广阔
随着世界经济的迅速发展，能源的需求与供应的矛盾日益尖锐。为了缓解汽油长期求大于供的局面，有梁高成研究发明的新型无铅汽油专利技术()，成功实现了能源再生利用的发展方向，利用油田、炼油厂的副产物和半成品等做主要原材料，添加高技术含量的专利复合添加剂，生产出符合国家标准的高清洁无铅汽油。该项目属于资源利用增值和节能项目，是能源发展的方向和国家政策扶持的方向，随着产量的增加将会产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
二、装置的组成：本装置主要由储油罐及自动化控制组成。
三、原材料优势：主要原料轻质油、石脑油等，可以在炼油厂、油田购买，通过汽车、火车运输。原料也可以从国外进口，市场有充足供应。
四、加工方案：原料购买后分别单独贮存，通过化验分析算出比例给定，加上添加剂，调合络合聚核反应后即得不同型号的成品油。
五、投资回收期：年产10万吨，可以实现销售收入6亿元，年利税亿元，投资回收期半年。
六、自主知识产权：该项目技术发明，现已经非常成熟，达产后增加能源供应，缓解国家能源紧张，为国家作出更大的贡献。
七、项目优势：
(1)该项目属于能源的综合利用和节能增值，为国家增加能源供应，缓解能源紧张，是国家政策扶持的方向。
(2)投资少、见效快、利润高，产品为汽油，市场前景好。
(3)技术先进，生产方便，自动化程度高，工艺合理可行。
(4)本项目投产后将会产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
八、项目实施计划：本项目分二期建设：第一期需要投资5000万元，达到年生产10万吨的加工能力。第二期需要投资10000万元，达到年产50万吨的加工能力。
九、投资概算：本项目一期为年产10万吨的高清洁无铅汽油装置，装置的储罐及自动化控制系统，初步设计概算投资5000万元。项目二期为年产50万吨的高清洁无铅汽油装置，储存油品的储油罐及生产装置系统有适量增加，主要是增加运输车辆及流动周转资金，概算总投资为10000万元。
Your business plan is very often the first impression potential investors get about your venture. But even if you have a great product, team, and customers, it could also be the last impression the investor gets if you make any of these avoidable mistakes.
INVESTORS see thousands of business plans each year, even in this down market. Apart from a referral from a trusted source, the business plan is the only basis they have for deciding whether or not to invite an entrepreneur to their offices for an initial meeting.
With so many opportunities, most investors simply focus on finding reasons to say no. They reason that entrepreneurs who know what they are doing will not make fundamental mistakes. Every mistake counts against you.
This article shows you how to avoid the most common errors found in business plans.
Content Mistakes
Failing to relate to a true pain
Pain comes in many flavors: my computer network keeps crashing; my accounts receivable cycle is too long; existing treatments for a medical condition are ineffective; my tax returns are too hard to prepare. Businesses and consumers pay good money to make pain go away.
You are in business to get paid for making pain go away.
Pain, in this setting, is synonymous with market opportunity. The greater the pain, the more widespread the pain, and the better your product is at alleviating the pain, the greater your market potential.
A well written business plan places the solution firmly in the context of the problem being solved.
Value inflation
Phrases like “unparalleled in the industry;” “unique and limited opportunity;” or “superb returns with limited capital investment” - taken from actual documents - are nothing but assertions and hype.
Investors will judge these factors for themselves. Lay out the facts - the problem, your solution, the market size, how you will sell it, and how you will stay ahead of competitors - and lay off the hype.
Trying to be all things to all people
Many early-stage companies believe that more is better. They explain how their product can be applied to multiple, very different markets, or they devise a complex suite of products to bring to a market.
Most investors prefer to see a more focused strategy, especially for very early stage companies: a single, superior product that solves a troublesome problem in a single, large market that will be sold through a single, proven distribution strategy.
That is not to say that additional products, applications, markets, and distribution channels should be discarded - instead, they should be used to enrich and support the highly focused core strategy.
You need to hold the story together with a strong, compelling core thread. Identify that, and let the rest be supporting characters.
No go-to-market strategy
Business plans that fail to explain the sales, marketing, and distribution strategy are doomed.
The key questions that must be answered are: who will buy it, why, and most importantly, how will you get it to them?
You must explain how you have already generated customer interest, obtained pre-orders, or better yet, made actual sales - and describe how you will leverage this experience through a cost-effective go-to-market strategy.
“We have no competition”
No matter what you may think, you have competitors. Maybe not a direct competitor - in the sense of a company offering an identical solution - but at least a substitute. Fingers are a substitute for a spoon. First class mail is a substitute for e-mail. A coronary bypass is a substitute for an angioplasty.
Competitors, simply stated, consist of everybody pursuing the same customer dollars.
To say that you have no competition is one of the fastest ways you can get your plan tossed - investors will conclude that you do not have a full understanding of your market.
The “Competition” section of your business plan is your opportunity to showcase your relative strengths against direct competitors, indirect competitors, and substitutes.
Besides, having competitors is a good thing. It shows investors that a real market exists.
Too long
Investors are very busy, and do not have the time to read long business plans. They also favor entrepreneurs who demonstrate the ability to convey the most important elements of a complex idea with an economy of words.
An ideal executive summary is no more than 1-3 pages. An ideal business plan is 20-30 pages (and most investors prefer the lower end of this range).
Remember, the primary purpose of a fund-raising business plan is to motivate the investor to pick up the phone and invite you to an in-person meeting. It is not intended to describe every last detail.
Document the details elsewhere: in your operating plan, R&D plan, marketing plan, white papers, etc.
Too technical
Business plans - especially those authored by people with scientific backgrounds - are often packed with too many technical details and scientific jargon.
Initially, investors are interested in your technology only in terms of how it:
solves a really big problem that people will pay for;
is significantly better than competing solutions;
can be protected through patents or other means; and
can be implemented on a reason-able budget.
All of these questions can be answered without a highly technical discussion of how your product works. The details will be reviewed by experts during the due diligence process.
Keep the business plan simple. Document the technical details in separate white papers.
No risk analysis
Investors are in the business of balancing risks versus rewards. Some of the first things they want to know are what are the risks inherent in your business, and what has been done to mitigate these risks.
The key risks of entrepreneurial ventures include:
Market risks: Will people actually buy what you have to sell? Will you need to create a major change in consumer behavior?
Technology risks: Can you actually deliver what you say you can? On budget and on time?
Operational risks: What can go wrong in the day-to-day operations of the company? What can go wrong with manufacturing and customer support?
Management risks: Can you attract and retain the right team? Can your team actually pull this off? Are you prepared to step aside and let somebody else take over if necessary?
Legal risks: Is your intellectual property truly protected? Are you infringing on another company's patents? If your solution does not work, can you limit your liability?
This is, of course, just a partial list of risks.
Even though you may feel that the risks are negligible, potential investors will feel otherwise unless you demonstrate that you have given a lot of thought to what can go wrong and have taken prudent steps to mitigate these risks.
Poorly organized
Your idea should flow in a nice, organized fashion. Each section should build logically on the previous section, without requiring the reader to know something that is presented later in the plan.
Although there is no single “correct” business plan structure, one successful structure is as follows:
Executive Summary: This is a brief, 1 to 3 page summary of everything that follows in the plan. It should be a stand-alone document, as many readers will make their initial decision based on the executive summary alone. This should usually be wri
英文商业计划书模板
business plan
成都.万汇投资管理有限公司 (86)027 87292815
商业计划书－英文商业计划书通用模板
Billion Team International Investment Ltd.
Unit I 3/F
Good Harvest Ctr 33 On Chuen St. Fanling
Hongkong
0852 26826421
(86)027 87389766
[Your Name]
[DATE]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary..........................
Management..................................
[Company] History...........................
[Product/Service] Description.............
Objectives..................................
Competitors................................
Competitive Advantages...................
Innovation..................................
Pricing..................................
Specific Markets..................................
Growth Strategy....................................
Market Size and Share..........................
Targeting New Markets.......................
Location..................................
Manufacturing Plan................................
Research & Development......................
Historical Financial Data........................
Proforma Financial Data.........................
Proforma Balance Sheet.........................
Cost Control..................................
Effects of Loan or Investment...............
Attachments..................................
Executive Summary
[My Company] was formed as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:
[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].
The need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.
[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.
Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.
[I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study.
The basic components of this plan are:
1. Competitive pricing
2. Expand the markets
3. Increased advertising
4. Lower our unit costs,
5. Thereby achieving higher profits.
1. Sign contracts
2. Increased advertising
3. Increase office staff
To this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company will be incorporated and common stock issued to investors. &nb
sp;The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].
Financial Goals
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Sales
$1,000,000
$1,400,000
$1,600,000
Net Income
$25,000
$250,000
$375,000
Earnings per share
.01
.12
.14
Management
[Name]
[Title]
[Experience]
Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.
Led market in market share - 30%.
Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.
Pioneered new distribution channels.
Established national sales force.
Established national repair & service centers.
Brought new and innovative products to the market.
Designed point-of-purchase materials.
[Education}
University of Boston
Boston, MA
. - Computer Sciences
Short Biographies
President
John Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, John Doe Co., of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987. Mr. Doe has held a sales position with U S West Inc. since then. Mr. Doe graduated from the University of Colorado in 1981 with a bachelor’s degree in philosophy. Mr. Doe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.
Chief Financial Officer
Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Director. Mr. Roe joined Random Excess, Inc. in December 1988 as a corporate controller and was named Chief Financial Officer in July _. Mr. Roe was appointed Treasurer and a Director in July 1990. He served as corporate controller of XYZ Lumber Company from August 1981 to December 1988. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in Denver, Colorado in 1976 with a bachelor’s degree in accounting. Since 1979 he has been licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Roe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.
Vice President
Joe Dokes, Secretary, Executive Vice President and Director. Mr. Dokes supervises the company’s sales and implementations to its largest corporate customers, including US West, Great West Life Insurance, etc. Mr. Dokes has served as Secretary and a Director since February 1988, Vice President of Ope
rations from February 1988 to December 1988, President of the Company from December 1988 to January 1990 and Vice President of Contract Sales since January 1990. He has been involved since 1986 with the private company originally formed as Random Excess, Inc., where his duties included managing the purchasing and sales department. From November 1984 to May 1986 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Systems, Inc. From June 1983 to October 1984 he was a buyer for Adams County, Colorado, School District 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State University in 1980 and 1981 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in 1981 and 1982. He did not receive a degree from either university. Mr. Dokes is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.
Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Company’s Vice President of Marketing since November 1988. From September 1986 to October 1988 she was involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora (Colorado). From February 1980 to August 1986 she was self-employed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated from the University of Denver in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in Education. She is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.
Responsibilities
John Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management function and all other executives.
Salary - $60,000.
Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer - Responsible for financial operations, accounts payable, accounts receivable, interaction with auditors, investor relations. Salary - $40,000
Joe Dokes, Executive Vice President - Responsible primarily for sales and sales support.
Salary - $35,000
Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resources and training.
Salary - $30,000.
Total Executive Compensation
$165,000.
[This Page is for an Organization Chart, if applicable.]
[Company] History
In [Month, Year] [I/we] formed a [Product/Service] company that manufactured start-of-the-art complex widgetry. This company was located in [City, State]. [I/we] formed this company as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation]. Others involved in this business were: [names].
The main goal of this company was to [explain].
Financing was arranged through [home equity loans, savings, venture capital, friends and family, etc.] [Explain terms, rates and ability to repay.]
This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, but was not effective in achieving profitability. The main reason for this was the amount
of actual overhead experienced. This overhead was not initially anticipated by me at the beginning of that venture. Items including credit checking, warranty program management, extensive travel, maintaining warehouse stock and the management and expense of a national sales force were expenses not originally forecast or expected. With this level of overhead, it was mathematically impossible to achieve profitability.
or:
This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, as well as effective in achieving profitability. This was due to the following reasons:
[Reason 1}
[Reason 2]
[Reason 3]
OR:
[My Company] was recently conceived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the following has been accomplished:
§ A team consisting of [list names and primary responsibility. ( John Doe - Marketing) has been formed.
§ A prospective [customer/client] list has been drawn up.
§ Strategy meetings are being held every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings.
§ This business plan has been drawn up.
[Now link the past to the future - why a former company will lead into this one or how your present company and history will lead into any future plans. A short paragraph should suffice.]
We are now able to adequately address the markets we have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redirected our advertising and sales force, and have added the products necessary to meet the needs and expectations of our customers.
[Product/Service] Description
[My Company] intends to offer [product/service]. This [product/service] offers our customers the best possible solution as it:
§ Offers the lowest price on the market
§ Is the most technically advanced
§ Offers more useful features
§ Saves them time and money
§ Offers our users better value per dollar spent
§ Provides an alternative way to achieve a similar task.
§ Provides a service which is not presently available in this area.
§ Is strengthened by a team with combined experience of XX years.
§ Provides an alternative, cost effective way for them to realize a similar goal.
We have a [copyright, service mark, trademark] or [exclusive agency, marketing rights] for this [product/service]. This agency will last until XXX at which time it may be extended for XX years or terminated. This agency agreement is cancelable upon XX days written notice.
The [product/service] has a useful life of XX y
ears. To distribute this product so that it remains usable for our customers, we must use the following methods of storage and transportation:
1. Overnight delivery
2. Cold storage
3. Incorporate preservatives
4. Shipment within two weeks to distributors.
5. Specially padded boxcars.
Even though the technology used to create this product is new, we expect that others will be able to substantially reproduce our patented results within XX years. To remain on the leading edge of this product, we will need to devote approximately XX% of revenues toward research and development. Also due to the fast changing nature of this industry, we will need to retrofit these machines within XX years at customer expense. Our manufacturing plan has considered this.
[If general service to be offered is not obvious, such as carpet cleaning, sales rep, lawn care, consulting, etc. explain what service is. Then give a detailed description of your particular service and its uniqueness.]
Short Examples:
1. Our carpet cleaning machinery is state-of-the-art.
2. Our consulting practice will address these specialized areas: [list]
3. We will only rep these specific product lines. [list]
Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplace, we expect advances to be made and competitors to arise and offer similar services. We will meet this challenge by:
1. Hiring staff specialized in these new areas.
2. Increase our continuing education and training expense.
3. Adding complementary lines.
4. Make regular investments in new equipment.
Objectives
Long Term
[My Company] believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. To secure a stable future for all those connected with [My Company] we have set the following long term goals:
Present market is estimated at $XXX. Our goal for market share is XX%.
We want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:
Trade industry awards
High end of scale in financial ratios
Major market share
Technical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)
Community involvement (Rotary, United Way, etc.)
Short Term
Market share goals -
1. First Year XX%
2. Second Year XX%
3. Third Year XX%
4. Fourth Year XX%
[Decrease, Maintain] costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. Increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.
1. Budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.
2. Set up, Maintain] emplo
yee benefit program for continuing college education.
3. Budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.
4. Maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.
5. Monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.
6. Aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.
7. Support company involvement in various local and national charity events.
Competitors
Name
Address
City, State
Strengths:
§ Location - next door to supplier factory, on major artery, close to terminal, etc.
§ Pricing - Low cost producer, known for aggressive pricing policy.
§ Delivery - ships overnight to anywhere in the world.
§ Management - Everyone has an MBA from Harvard.
Weaknesses
§ Service - takes more than 3 months to receive spare parts.
§ Dedication - If it’s sunny, they’re on the golf course or ski slope.
§ Machinery - Slowly approaching obsolescence unless replaced within six months.
§ Overhead - Spend lavishly on corporate dining room, limousines and champagne.
Competitive Advantages
The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:
Experience in this market. [I/we] have XXX years of hands-on experience in this industry.
Sophistication in finance and distribution. This results in my being the low cost supplier in these price sensitive markets.
The philosophy of [My Company] is to price not just according to our costs, but also according to what the market will pay.
Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a category must be XX%.
By pricing to the market, [I/we] will achieve higher sales and therefore increase my buying power. As the amounts of my purchases increase, my per unit costs of shipping decrease and [I/we] will achieve higher discount levels from my suppliers. Through these economies of scale, many items currently on the market can be sold with lower prices, yet a higher net profit.
Product pricing will include a range of quantity discounts as well as an early payment discount.
Rather than being strictly regional, [I/we] will expand into the national market.
To control foreign exchange risks, [I/we] will monitor the markets and hedge accordingly. [I/we] will also use overseas bank accounts.
With those companies with which [I/we] have established a relationship or are known to be financially secure, [I/we] will work on a pre-pay basis. This allows me greater discounts.
A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow
me to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.
By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.
A quarterly direct mail campaign directed at both current customers and prospective new customers consisting of an informative newsletter.
A toll-free national 800 number will be used for customer orders and inquiries.
[I/we] will print complete four-color catalogs on a yearly basis. Price lists will be updated as needed. [I/we] intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising.
Consideration will also be given to attending trade shows around the country.
With this level of capitalization, should an unexpected downturn occur, [I/we] will be able to continue operations on a positive scale.
Innovation. [I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.
[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]
Experience in this market. [I/we] have XX years of hands on experience in this industry.
Sophistication in management and finance. We are able to run an efficient and lean structure, yet still provide quality service to our clients and customers.
Because of the nature of this industry, we will be able to rent office space in more moderately priced buildings.
As a unique service company, we will be able to keep our margins high, allowing us to provide internal financing for growth possibilities.
A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow [me/us] to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.
Our initial marketing campaign will allow us to book a sufficient amount of business so that we can implement our telephone customer service support program.
Innovation
[I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.
Summary
Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby increasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Because of our pricing policy, more people will purchase our merchandise thus increasing the size of the market and we will be increasing our market share. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:
§ increase service
increase advertising
§ reduce prices
§ increase profits
§ increase selection
Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby ncreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:
§ increase customer service
§ increase advertising expenditures
§ increase selection of services offered
This plan will give us tremendous flexibility to use any of these options or a mix of them to effectively attack our target markets and meet our long term goals. This combination of experience, sophistication, capitalization and innovation will assist [My Company] as it strives to reach its sales, profit and return objectives.
Pricing
Before [I/we] set the price for my complex widgets, [I/we] determined on a unit basis what my costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market price was for the normal widget. At this price it was determined that for all but the lowest sales projections, this product would turn a profit at this price. However, since our complex widgets offer additional features, we felt that we could price it approximately 50% above simple widgets.
To test this price, we called a database of 50 large users of simple widgets. We first questioned them about the desirability of our extra features and then asked them directly if this price would be acceptable if such a product were available. We found that 75% of those polled would be interested in this product. Of this 75%, we received 10 firm orders representing approximately 30% of this group.
We have determined that the market price is $ XX per unit. This will equal a margin of XX%.
Our unit cost has been figured at $XX. We need a margin of XX% to pay our overhead and earn a sufficient profit. Therefore, our selling price will be $XX.
Before [I/we] set the price for our [service], [I/we] forecast what our fixed monthly costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market rate for comparable services were. At this rate it was determined that for all but the lowest billing projections, this [Service] would turn a profit at this rate.
[Optional, if applicable]
However, since our service is unique and demands a higher level of expertise, we felt that we should bill above othe
r comparable rates.
Specific Markets
Market #1
General History
The first widget was introduced into the market in 1036. Widgets remained much as the original production until well into the 20th century when computer modeling showed that there could be some enhancements made to the basic widget. The market for widgets has been generally steady with market growth closely following the typical population growth. At this time there are approximately 1,500 companies worldwide making comparable simple widgets.
Lawn care companies have enjoyed a period of steady growth over the past twenty years. This demand is due to many factors, not the least of which is the advance of lawn care technology. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lawn care services.
Entry Strategy
Our widget has been designed by the latest in computer aided design. We are able to manufacture our complex widgets on computer driven assembly lines using the latest in robotics manufacturing. This gives us a tremendous price advantage.
We intend to market our complex widget through all the normal channels available to simple widgets. These include retail, wholesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market efficiently and swiftly, we intend to initially use commission sales representatives strategically located throughout the USA. We also will start a national advertising campaign targeting the end user in various national publications and on national TV commercials.
Our sales representatives will be chosen based on their own experience in the marketplace. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those currently available. Our marketing tests included many of the reps we initially would like to hire.
Over the past few years, we have noticed an increase in demand for full lawn care services - not just grass cutting and snow removal. Our computerized office allows us to track our clients needs and schedule house calls on one hours notice.
We intend to attack this market very aggressively through the use of:
1. A pool of 10 telemarketers.
2. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present clients.
3. Advertisements in upscale magazines.
4. Radio advertisements on weekends.
5. Sales calls on real estate management companies.
As we are offering a unique service, informing the public of our capabilities is of utmost importance.
Growth Strategy
After having successfully introduced the complex widget into the American market, our expansion will be in two separate areas: increasing sales in the USA and enter
ing various foreign markets.
After we have reached our first year sales goals, we intend to offer our sales reps the opportunity to sell our products exclusively by joining our company. We expect that a small percentage will desire to remain independent and these will have to be replaced with our own sales force. We intend to develop further sales reps from within by hiring and training them in our own sales methods. We will increase national advertising and begin targeting smaller accounts and specialty outlets. Additionally, we will conduct in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating how the inclusion of complex widgetry into their own products will increase the value of their products.
After having successfully completed this entry phase into this market in the geographical are we have chosen, we will then expand our market by doing the following:
1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20.
2. Increase number of direct sales reps.
3. Expand into neighboring cities.
Market Size and Share
The American market for [product/service] is estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished by XYZ Survey. We estimate that we can achieve XX% market share within XX years.
Marketing data for other markets is in the process of collection.
Other Markets
Use the same format for additional markets.
Targeting New Markets
To continue our growth, we will be using the following methods to expand our markets and to increase our new areas of doing business:
§ Customer contact - find out their needs
§ Look for complementary products
§ Trade shows
§ World Trade Center “Network”
§ . Government trade leads
§ State Government trade leads
§ On-line computer prospecting and qualification (DIALOG, D&B, etc.)
§ Market surveys
§ Research & development
Location
RETAIL EXAMPLE:
This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:
1. The traffic flow has been rated at high.
2. The rent is below market
3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.
4. The location is convenient for our customers.
We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.
OTHER SAMPLE:
1. The building is structurally compatible for our use.
3. The building has the necessa
第一篇：创业商业计划书空气凤梨
目标市场和目标客户：
1、大中型城市的白领
随着城市化发展进程的加速，健康生活，休闲生活的理念被越来越多人广泛接受，越来越多现居住在大中型城市的白领，喜欢对自己的生活工作场所进行装饰，
而此时一盆美丽的盆景正是给他们的生活工作场所增添了一缕亮色，与此同时绿色植物可以减少辐射，增添活性氧离子，对人的身体有着巨大的好处。
2、商务会议，大型活动
商务会议和大型活动场所通常都会摆放绿色植物进行装饰，但是这些活动所需的绿色植物往往只需要一次性使用，而我公司提供的盆景出租，在减少这些会议和活动的成本的同时，也解决了活动举
办方后续处理这些植物的问题。
3、花卉经销商
现如今花卉经销商对销售产品的个性化要求越来越高，而我们的空气凤梨系列的产品具有明显特点，又易养、美观，是经销商不二的选择。
4、大中型酒店
随着时代的发展，越来越多酒店注意客房的布置，来满足住客的审美需求，增添客房的艺术感，我公司可以和这些大中型酒店合作，并提供专门人才对这些酒店的盆景进行护理工作。
5、精装修公司
与精装修公司合作，以让利的方式，与其建立长期合作，提供装修过程中所需要的一系列空气凤梨品种，白天吸收甲醛、苯烯类化合物，夜间吸收二氧化碳，是一种非常环保的.植物。
现有产品植物窗帘、植物壁画等。
市场定位：定位方式采用避强定位（避开强有力的竞争对手），目标市场战略采用产品专业化（空气凤梨），市场定位战略：集中性战略和产品差异化，创业初期紧跟市场领导者的步伐，做市场跟随者，努力提高企业实力。
空气凤梨早在100多年前就有人栽培观赏，20世纪80年代才在国外广泛流行，尤其风靡日本、韩国及东南亚地区。
我国近几年已经有多家植物园、部分业主及少数爱好者开始引种栽培，其中上海、武汉、南京等地对空气凤梨的引种和栽培已经形成规模。
目前，尚未普遍进入市场和百姓家，相信假以时日，这种护理简单、品质优秀的观赏植物会成为大众的新宠。
空气凤梨不只是生存能力极强，这种植物空气净化功能也十分强大，这是最大的卖点优秀商业计划书范文。
家居软装饰市场一直是花卉企业关注的一个新领域，但受植物材料的限制，业内在这一市场的开发基本空白，而空气凤梨可望成为打入家居绿化的一块敲门砖。
中高端市场是开发重点
从世界花卉业生产布局的调查和我国花卉生产、花卉品种的优势、潜力、花卉延伸开发产业分析了我国花卉业的发展方向；认为我国花卉业将成为国民经济中的又一具有活力的支柱产业。
但是虽然我国花文化、花生产历史深厚，但不可否认的是直到如今花卉业在我国的发展却一直处于较为低迷的状态，消费者心目中甚至没有一个叫得上名字的值得依赖的品牌。
深究其原因，众多学者发现，我国的花卉无论是质量、技术含量还是营销方式仍然十分落后。
迄今为止，我国花卉种植地分散，缺乏集中有效的管理，企业盲目使用温室种植，效益不佳；其次，我国花卉育种工作技术落后，研发人员只顾成果，不讲应用；
花卉市场结构混乱，仅是以中低档批发市场为主体，兼顾花店、集贸市场、街头零售等方式，
没有规范的市场运作；企业缺乏信息，不善于引进新品种，营销和售后服务落后，品牌杂而小，品牌价值和形象亟待提高。
品牌营销：表层定位：通过向目标客户销售空气凤梨取得盈利。
深层错位：我们是做健康、优质生活的企业。
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