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For the violation of legitimate rights and interests of consumers a variety of offenses, how to provide for the corresponding legal responsibilities and how the legal liability system reflected the special protection of consumers should be _Consumer Protection Law_ key solved a legal issue.
To solve this legal problem, it is necessary to further establish a regulated market operating order to protect legitimate interests of consumers and improving the legal liability system.
On the one hand is to establish a legal system the concept of protection of consumers;
The other hand, is to improve consumer protection legal liability system.
对于侵犯消费者合法权益的各种违法行为，如何规定相应的法律责任以及在法律责任制度中如何体现对消费者的特别保护，应是《消费者权益保护法》重点解决好的一个法律问题。
要解决好这一法律性问题，就必须进一步建立起规范的市场经营秩序和完善保护消费者合法权益的.法律责任制度。
一方面是建立消费者的法律体系保护观念；另一方面是完善消费者权益保护的法律责任制度。
In the paper completed, I feel excited. From the topics of the paper, the collection of data to the writing and layout of the paper, I got a lot of enthusiastic help.
First of all, I would like to thank Mr. Zhang Yuqing, who led me to the door of information security, and put forward a lot of valuable comments on my research, so that my research work has a goal and direction. In the past two years, he was careful guidance and education to me. It enables me to study and improve continuously, and the research results of these topics have also become the main material of this paper. At the same time, Zhang profound knowledge, rigorous scholarship attitude also makes me very admire, is my model of learning and work. Thank the teacher for my care and attention, in this to express our sincere gratitude.
Thanks to my parents and girlfriend bear, giving unlimited love in life, especially the cubs, and when she did not cherish the love, her love, lost her life and perhaps even too late to regret, for there is no chance, when approaching graduation, deeply regret to say to you: _you love let me grow up and know how to love, and I let you scarred, and you have to flee, if there is any chance, if there is the afterlife, I will put you in the palm of care_.
Thank you for working life in the prevention center colleagues, Dr. Zhang Dehua, Dr. Liu Xiangning, Dr. Mao Jian, Zhao Honghao, Jia Suping, Li Haibao, Sun Pengpeng, Yang Xiaoyan, Huang Dandan, Wang Ruoxin, Yang Ni, Yu Junsong, because you have a wonderful and fulfilling life.
Thank you in the study of information security professional students spend time together students, Jiang Bailiang, Shi Miaolei, Zhang Jun, Cheng Liang, Jing Wong, Wu Jingjing, Hu Hao, Jia Wei, Liu Ziwen, Liu Jingxuan, Deng Yi, Wang Xianggen, Wei Yong, Ren Rong, and spend the internship at the state Key Laboratory of information security years.
Tutor profound professional knowledge, rigorous attitude, improving work style, tireless in teaching others the noble morality noble demeanor, Yanyilvji, broad-minded toward others, chastity, amiable and easy of approach personality charm has profound influence on me. Not only that I set a lofty academic goals, grasp the basic research method, but also make me understand a lot of the way of getting along with people and Weirenchushi truth. From the to, each step is completed under the guidance of the tutor, and devoted a lot of effort to the tutor. Here, wish to tutor paid tribute and heartfelt thanks!
This paper successfully completed, cannot do without teachers, classmates and friends to care and help. Thank Yue Baozhen engineering, Professor Zhang Ceng, Li Bingyun teacher, He Wanfen teacher's guidance and help; thank the Key Laboratory of Wu Hong, Lai Yanming, Zhu Xianjun, Cheng Haifen, Luo Xian, Liu Daoheng, Wu Shenglong and other teacher's guidance and help; thank FAFU Xie Yong group, Professor Professor Chen Lihui, Huang Liulian engineering concern, support and help;
During the three years of study, Wang Xu, Liu Qianjun, Tan Chengrong, Li Zongquan, Ho, Fan Juan, Kong Fangong, Wang Jian, Ma Minjiang, Wang Xiwen, Huang Youhe, Xu Lili, Mo Jialin, Guo Sanchuan, Li Jianwen, Zhong Zehui, Yang Qifeng, Liu Mengru, Yin Tanwei, Zhang Chun, Liu Ruiheng, Tu Qiliang, Hui, Zhuo Yu, Zhang Chengfeng, Xue Bing, Jiang Shoule Zhang Xiaochao, He Zhuoya, Liang Dongmei, Li Qiang, Liu Hao, Liu Chuanfu, Yu Dongmei, Lai Yurong, Chi Congcong, Cheng Xiaolian, Shi Haiqiang, Wang Shaoguang, and younger brother of care and help, to express deep gratitude. Without their help and support, there is no way to finish my Ph. D. Thesis. Friendship between students will last forever.
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of the financial sector, more and morepeople pay attention to the financial information search. However, the traditionalkeyword search method could hardly meet the needs of financial users. Therefore,semantic search products have gained more popularity. However, the semanticparsing process is complex and diverse. During the process of the analysis oflarge-scale real text, the sentence analysis which based on word granularity is verydifficult, but after chunk analysis, the accuracy can be significantly improved andthe complexity can be clearly reduced. At present, the user input method is almostthe Pinyin input method, thus it could probably happen that the input phonetic lettersare correct, while the Chinese character is wrong. In order to achieve the purpose ofimproving the user experience, the Pinyin text proofreading appears.
The content of this paper is a pretreatment subsystem of the finance Q & Asystem, and it contains two functions, Pinyin text proofreading and chunk partition.
Text proofreading is based on Pinyin, in the first place, putting the query sequenceinto phonetic sequence. Then it uses the multiple grammars, three grammars and twogrammars to fill the Chinese characters sequence. And if there is no ambiguity whenfilling, then it uses the text proofreading, otherwise, ignores the text proofreading.
For the chunk partition, this paper uses three different methods: the method ofthe shortest path chunk partition, the method of CRF chunk partition and the methodof neural network chunk partition. The subsystem designed and implemented thethree methods. The shortest path chunk partition is similar to the dictionary wordsegmentation method. CRF chunk partition divided the problem into the annotationproblem, through getting the optimal sequence labels, to reach the purpose of chunkpartition. Chunk neural network chunk partition is based on word segmentation,changing the query sequence into a sequence of nodes. If the sequence of possibilityimproved after adding chunk tag on each node sequence, the tag position is a chunkposition.
In practical test, the shortest path chunk partition based on the dictionary,cannot process the query which is not in the dictionary of chunk. CRF chunkpartition can solve the unknown chunk query, but the mark information is too simplewhen the training corpus increased,and the error percentage of results . When using neural networks in chunk partition, the predicted timeincreases significantly, however, the query generalization is a good idea. Throughthe above research, a reasonable way to chunk partition is the CRF method, whichproperly uses the query generalization.
Finally after testing, the pretreatment subsystem has not only met the needs ofthe finance Q & A system, largely improving the financial Q & A system userexperience, but also reduces the analytical complexity, significantly improved thecorrectness and performance.
Keywords: Pretreatment system question analysis, chunk, text proofreading, CRF,neural network
[Abstract] The exam-oriented education in this high speed, high-efficiency society has both advantages and disadvantages. On one hand it helps students to improve the proportion of entering higher grade schools, on the other hand, such one-sided quality educational pattern and environment also influence the students physique development. As the organic component, dancing education had played an important role in remedying such a defect. It can not merely enrich students emotion, develop students’ imagination, strengthen students’ self-confidence, sense of pride, but also make teenagers get calisthenics tall and straight limbs, noble sentiment, graceful makings, dignified instrument when they accept the education. So, the author set out from the connotation of the dancing education discussed its benefit factor and proposed some more tentative plan.
[Key words] exam-oriented education dance education
[关键词]应试教育，舞蹈教育
Titanium ore, elected from magnetite or Titan magnetite, is widely used as the raw material in the production of titanium dioxide. Titanium quality and its yield constraints is often the bottle neck in the titanium industry.
Thus, we can not blindly consume a large amount of capital to maintain or improve its quality and yield. This paper makes an attempt to explores and optimize the development of the titanium industry, through inside and outside observation and association. In this paper, flotation tests are conducted to compare the original pulp titanium ore with Polyacrylamide and that without on the concentrate grade yield of titanium concentrates.
In this process, the consumption of drugs, the recovery rate of , equipment utilization, the amount and cost of polyacrylamide (PAM) are all considered to determine whether it is a ptimization program to add Polyacrylamide to the original flotation pulp of titanium ore.
Finally, we reach a conclusion through relevant data .In the experimental process, in principle,
we do not change the original flotation process and the relevant parameters.
Key words: Titanium ore; Flotation; Polyacrylamide; quality; yield
【ABSTRACT】With the deepening of the globalization, news has become an important part of information communication between different countries.
Whether English news translation is accurate or not may directly affect the quality of our communication with other countries. In English news report discourse, the use of metaphor expressions become more and more.
Due to English news and other stylistic differences, as well as the English and Chinese languages, ethnic differences in ideology in the process of cross-cultural communication, make the translation of English news,
especially English news translation of metaphor put forward great challenge to translators. So how to translate the metaphor in the English news is the mutual concern problem for translation theorists and practitioners to discuss, therefore,
this paper attempts to from the perspective of Nidas functional equivalence theory to discuss the translation of metaphor in English news.
The application of metaphor in English news makes events more distinct and vivid, and also make it easier for English readers to comprehend and understand the news contents.
However, due to the differences in English and Chinese languages, the use of metaphors in English news increases the difficulty of translation. This article attempts from the perspective of Nidas functional equivalence theory to discuss the translation of metaphor in English news,
in order to make Chinese readers better understand the same response and sense of beauty and meaning of metaphors in English news as the original readers.
metaphor Rhetoric is not simple of translation into Chinese in English news from the literal transformation, although some rhetoric or are totally the same in form and content, while this is just a few.
There are cultural differences in English and Chinese languages, influenced by different cultures. Peoples way of thinking and expression have differences inevitably. When the translator should firstly consciously ponder the intention of the author,
dig the deep meaning hidden behind the metaphor rhetoric of background. Under the functional equivalence theory regard the translator as the guidance, conform to the language habits of the target language readers, make Chinese readers can better understand the translation of metaphor in English news.
KEYWORD：English news; metaphor; functional equivalence theory; translation
【中文摘要】随着全球化的深入，新闻成为不同国家之间交流的重要部分。
英语新闻翻译是否准确将直接影响到我们与其它国家的交流。
英语新闻行文中，隐喻的适用越来越多。
由于英语新闻的风格的不同，以及英语和中文的差异导致跨文化交流的障碍，英语新闻的翻译尤其是隐喻的翻译成为翻译者的难题。
因此如何翻译英语新闻的隐喻成为翻译界共同关心的话题。
因此，本文试图从Nida的功能对等理论出发来讨论英语新闻的隐喻翻译。
英语新闻中的隐喻使得事件变得生动，也使读者更容易理解新闻内容。
然而，由于中英语言的差异，英语新闻隐喻的使用加大了翻译者的难度。
本文从功能对等理论来讨论隐喻的翻译，使得中国读者能和英语本土国家读者对隐喻的意思有一样的`反应。
隐喻的修辞不是简单的把英语新闻翻译成中文从字面转换角度，尽管一些修辞基本上形式和内容都差不多，但是这并不多。
中英文有文化差异，由于不同文化的影响。
论文题目：On the Title of EST and Aesthetic Effect in Its Translation
Abstract: With the development of science and technology, translation of English of Science and Technology has become more and more important. A good title can help readers understand the main ideas about some articles of science and technology at the first step. And a good translation can also shows the artistic effect and the content of the translator. The author wants to offer all the translation learners some ways to attract more readers by researching the titles of EST and artistic effects of them in this essay.
Key words: EST; title; translation; artistic effects
ABSTRACT
The original material is Chinese speeches made by Chinese President Xi Jinpingand Premier Li Keqiang respectively on the opening ceremony of the 9th and 10thChina-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit on September 3气 2012 andSeptember 3rd, 2013. The author has finished simulated simultaneous interpreting (SI inshort) and transcribed it into text. When analyzing C-E simulated simultaneous text, theauthor found two difficulties to be solved: I. cultural idiom C-E ; II. irregular parallel expression C-E simultaneous interpreting.
Under the guidance of interpretive theory, by example analyzing, the author putforward two countermeasures for cultural idiom C-E SI: one is interpretative replacing,the other is explaining connotation. There are also two countermeasures for irregularparallel expression C-E SI: one is interpretative reducing, the other is parallelly listingthe words of the same characteristic.
The above SI countermeasures provided the author with solutions to cultural idiomand parallel expression interpreting. They can help interpreters not only achieve thegoal of communication but also save time. The above countermeasures also providedother interpreters with certain reference in C-E simultaneous interpreting of similartopic speeches made by Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang.
论文题目：On Cultural Gaps and Untranslatability in Chinese Version of The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe from Perspective of Functionalism
Abstract:This thesis is an attempt to apply functionalism to literary translation and prove its feasibility by analyzing the untranslatability of the Adventures of Robinson Crusoe causing by cultural gaps. Functionalism is a broad term for various theories that approach translation by focusing on the function or functions of texts and translations. And the four important representatives of functionalism are Katharina Reiss, Hans J. Vermeer, Justa Holz-Mnttri and Christiane Nord. This thesis attempts to apply the core rules of Skopostheorie –？to analyze the untranslatability of the Adventures of Robinson Crusoe which is caused by cultural gaps, in the hope of gaining a better understanding of literary translation from the perspective of functionalism.
This paper is composed of four chapters. The first one is introduction. Chapter 2 introduces the German Functionalism and translation theories including a brief introduction to the Adventures of Robinson Crusoe and the author Defoe. Chapter 3 goes over the application of the main translation theory Skopostheorie in analyzing the untranslatability of the Adventures of Robinson Crusoe causing by cultural gaps with analyzing the culture factor in translation. Besides, this chapter also analyses the limitations of Skopostheorie. In chapter 4, the final conclusion is that functionalism is also applicable to literary translation and can provide a different perspective in solving the untranslatability causing by cultural gaps.
Key Words: functionalism; skopostheorie; untranslatability; culture gaps; The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
First and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to mysupervisor, Professor Jia Aiwu. I have benefited tremendously from her criticalthinking and insightful viewpoint. Through his patient instruction,I finally focusedon the object studied in this thesis, and obtained valuable advice on aspects rangingfrom frame work constructing and data collection to elaborated analysis.
Secondly, I'm profusely grateful to my respected predecessors and teachers.
Without their precious suggestions, I could not have come this far in this thesis.
Moreover, I owe my thanks to my family and friends, who have always supportedme with their generous encouragements and praises.
Last but not least, I sincerely thank my fellow classmates. We share joys andanxieties, which propels us forward together throughout the arduous journey.
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