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Many developed countries spend a large amount of money every year on manufacturing weapons to defend themselves although they are actually not at war.
Why is this the case?
Do you think these countries should spend the money on helping citizens of poor countries?
虽然没有处于战争状态，很多发达国家每年却花很多钱大规模地制造武器来保卫自己。
为什么会这样？
你觉得这些发达国家应该用这些钱来帮助贫困国家的人民吗？
In some countries, children spend long time studying both in and after school, and have little free time.
What are the positive or negative effects of this phenomenon on children and the society they live in?
在一些国家，小孩子在学校、放学后都花很长时间去学习，基本上没有什么可以自由支配的时间。
这一现象对于小孩子自身和他（她）们所生活的社会，都有哪些积极或消极的影响？
Some people believe that a large amount of money should be spent on the protection of wild animals. Others, however, think that it would be better spent on human beings.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
一些人觉得我们应该花很多钱来保护野生动物。而其他人则觉得这些钱花在人类身上会更好。
请对这两个观点进行讨论，并给出你的观点。
Across the world today, the use of many languages has been declining. Only a few languages have been increasingly used.
Is this a positive or negative development?
全世界范围内，很多语言的使用都在下降。只有少数几种语言的使用越来越广泛。
这一发展现象是积极的，还是消极的？
Some people think that young people should be free to choose their job. Others, however, believe that they should be realistic and think more about their future.
有些人认为年轻人应该自由地去选择工作，而其他人则认为年轻人在择业时应该务实一些、多为自己的未来考虑。
In terms of having accommodation, some people want to rent a place while others prefer to buy a place.
Does renting a place bring more advantages than buying a place?
就住房而言，有些人愿意租房住，而其他人则更愿意买房住。
比起买房子，租房子会带来更多的好处吗？
The figures give information about yearly salaries of five employment sectors in Australia in 2006.
The maximum annual salary of salesman is the highest in five sectors and travelling workers’ maximum annual salary is the lowest. The maximum annual salaries of workers in Engineering, IT and Telecommunication, and Education are 145,080, 100,080 and 69,000. The minimum salary of salesman is the lowest and minimum annual salaries of IT and Telecommunication and Engineering are the highest. Workers in Education and travelling sectors receive annual salaries of 33,000 and 32,000. Workers in Engineering have the highest average annual salary of 80,000 and workers in Travelling have the lowest salary of 45,000. The Average annual salaries in IT and Telecommunication, Sales and Education are 79,000, 70,000 and 50,000 respectively.
All in all, it is very noticeable that the highest maximum annual salary and the lowest minimum annual salary are in the Sales sector, and the highest average annual salary is in the Engineering sector.
(8 sentences; 161 words)
Nowadays, many kinds of home appliances are available to help people with household chores.
Do home appliances bring more advantages than disadvantages?
现在，有很多家用电器设备可以帮助人们做家务。
家用电器设备带来的好处大于坏处吗？
Some people think that watching TV is bad for children in many ways, while others think that watching TV has positive effects on children when they grow up.
有些人认为看电视对儿童有很多坏处，而其他人则认为看电视对于儿童的成长有很多积极的影响。
In some countries, children start school at the age of four, instead of seven. Some people claim that this has negative effects on the relationship between children and their parents.
Do the advantages of this practice outweigh its disadvantages?
在有些国家，小孩子是在四岁开始上小学，而不是七岁。有些人认为这一做法对于小孩子和他（她）们父母之间的关系有负面影响。
这一做法的利大于弊吗？
However, learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home.（1） Once a child goes to school, they are entering a wider community where teachers and peers will have just as much influence as their parents do at home. （2）At school, children will experience working and living with people from a whole variety of backgrounds from the wider society. （3）This experience should teach them how to co-operate with each other and how to contribute to the life of their community.（4）
先来看本段的句1，一方面双重否定表肯定了- not 及just用法。 再一方面还起到了承上启下的作用，起到对学校教育的论述。句2，once及where引导两个从句做嵌套，句子虽长，但论述逻辑清晰。段落的句尾再次出现平行结构， 也是为了和上段做呼应。
But to be a valuable member of any community is not like learning a simple skill. It is something that an individual goes on learning throughout life and it is the responsibility of every member of a society to take responsibility for helping the younger generation to become active and able members of that society.
进入到结尾段，往往要给出观点及看法，这里我们看到考官在给观点时用到了这样一个短语“active and able”。大部分人看到后没有任何感觉，但他实际用的是押头韵的用法。 和其相似的还有， Beauty and the Beast, League of Legend 以及 Pride and Prejudice，只要留心， 这种在电影及杂志上的材料你也会留心到。
这就是C8T1的范文，我们做了分析。相信对大部分同学来讲，此篇文章出现的生词不会超过三个，甚至对大部分人来说，这篇材料是没有生词的。但是考官就是用了双重否定表肯定，特殊开头词，平行结构及押头韵等等表达了多样的句式！ 所以我们看出，真正好的作文不是生词长句，而是像考官材料一样用简单词表达多样的句式！
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International tourism creates tension rather than understanding among people from different cultures.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
国际旅游业非但没有增进不同文化人群之间的相互理解，反而导致了不同文化间的摩擦和不和谐。
你在多大程度上同意或不同意？
The bar graph compares the means of teaching hours in three different level of schools in four separate countries, including the USA, Iceland, Spain and Japan, in 2001.
Clearly, teachers in the United States spent the most hours in teaching, with those in upper secondary school spending approximately 1100 hours and their counterparts working in the other two kinds of school spending 1050 on average. The figures in each type of school in Iceland and Spain were on the same level and they were roughly 30% less than the figures in the USA. By contrast, teachers in Japan allocated the least amount of time to teaching, as teachers in primary school spent a minimum of 500 hours and this figure increased marginally by 100 hours along with the rise of education level.
Overall, the average teaching hours in each level of education reveal extreme similarity among all these countries: the higher level of school teachers were working in, the more time they spent in teaching.
(5 sentences; 165 words)
The pie charts illustrate how much the household spent on average in a nation in 1950 and 2010.
In 1950, people spent the majority of their saving on housing, which accounted for . Next came the expenditure on food comprising of their total expenditure. Clearly, it was only one sixth of expenditure on housing. Besides, expenditure on education () and others () collectively took up 11%, similar to that on food. The remaining were transportation with and health care with .
Six decades later, there was a huge change on the proportion of different items. Proportion of expenditures on all items increased except for housing and education. The expenditure on housing dropped considerably by 50%, and there was a slight decline in the expenditure on education by around . On the other hand, the most obvious increase occurred in the expenditure on food, which tripled. The expenditures on both transportation and others in 2010 were three times more than those in 1950. Interestingly, the expenditure on health care doubled.
To sum up, food substituted the housing to become the item on which people spent the most eventually. Food and housing together made up the biggest part of the total expenditure.
(14 sentences; 202 words)
The pie charts convey the message of the change of expenditure on six different items in a country, in two separate years, 1950 and 2010.
Clearly, there was a dramatic variation during the six decades, and the expenditure on all items showed an ascending tendency except for housing and education. The proportion of expenditure on housing, which took up the majority part in 1950, plunged considerably from to 22%. It became less than one third of the previous value. By contrast, there was only a slight decrease in the proportion of expenditure on education from in 1950 to , by negligible .
Adversely, as the second largest part in 1950, the proportion of expenditure on food, which comprised only in 1950, tripled rising up by and substituting that on housing to be the biggest part. The 60 years period witnessed an increase in the percentage of expense on others from to . The expenditure on transportation went up by , from during the same period. Noticeably, people tended to spend least money on health care, the proportion of spending on which merely doubled.
To sum up, in spite of the changes, food and housing collectively took up the majority of the total expenditure.
(10 sentences; 209 words)
Some people believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay tax to the state.
有些人觉得自己所赚的钱都应该归自己所有，自己不应该向政府缴税。
你在多大程度上同意或不同意此观点？
Celebrities receive constant attention from the media. Some people believe the media should not publish stories about a celebrity’s private life.
在名人的生活中，来自媒体的关注无处不在。有些人觉得媒体不应该公开报道名人的私生活。
Some people believe that younger people are not suitable for important positions in government. Others, however, think that it will be a good idea for younger people to take on these positions.
有些人认为年轻人不适合担任政府要职。其他人则认为年轻的人担任这些职位是件好事儿。
Air travel only benefits the richest people，and the majority of people take no advantage from the development of airplanes.
航空运输业仅仅使最富有的人群受益，飞机的发展并没有让广大普通百姓受益。
The bar chart below show the difference about the favorite subjects of 60 students from two schools including school A and School B.
We can find that School A have 5 students like Social Science and School B have 10 students like Social Science. When it come to Science, 10 students in School A say they like it. On the contrary, only 3 students in School B say they like it. More students’ favorite subject is Language with 5 students in School A and 10 students in School B. 25 students in School B love Craft and Drawing, and only 4 students in School A like it. The last subject is Sport. In School A, more than 35 students prefer Sport while only 5 students in School B like sport.
All in all, it is clear that Sport and craft and Drawing are the favorite class of most students and less students like Social Science, Science and Language.
(8 sentences; 150 words)
Schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future career. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful.
学校应该集中精力向学生教授那些对他们未来职业有用的学术科目。类似体育、音乐这样的科目没有用。
你在多大程度同意或不同意此观点？
The line graph reveals the changes of cinema audience rates of four separate groups in a specific country from 1978 to 2008.
Clearly, in 1978 the percentage of audience aged from 14 to 24 was the highest among all four groups standing at , higher than the group aged from 25 to 34. As the age increased, the audience rates decreased by a constant percentage of between every two consecutive groups, and the lowest percentage was in the audience group aged above 50 at .
The first three decades witness a similar pattern in the percentage changes in these groups, and the gaps between each group were comparatively stable. The percentages in each group initially showed declining trends till 1988, before bouncing back to 1978 level in 1998. In the following ten years, they all tended to level out. By contrast, in the last ten years, diverse changes occurred. The percentages of audience in the audience group 14-24 years old and 25-34 years old declined marginally to and respectively. The gap between the remaining two groups narrowed down and finally the percentages in the two groups reached at in 2008.
Generally, the audience rates in all groups showed downward trends except for the group aged above 50.
(9 sentences; 212 words)
Some people think that killing animals for food is cruel and unnecessary. Other people disagree and think that meat is essential for human beings.
一些人觉得人类杀死动物以获得食物既残忍又没必要。其他人则觉得肉类食品对于人类来说是必要的。
请对这两个观点进行讨论，并给出你的看法。
Some people think that the best way to improve road safety would be to increase the minimum legal age for driving a car or a motorbike.
有些人认为提高道路安全的最佳方法是提高法定驾车（轿车和摩托车）年龄。
The bar chart below illustrates the information with regard to the favorite classes of 60 students who are studying in two different schools including school A and School B.
Clearly, there are more students whose favorite subject is Social Science in School B than students in School A. While School A has only 5 students, School B has approximately 10. On the contrary, more students (about 10) prefer Science in School A, compared to approximately 2 students in School B. Interestingly, the number of students who like Language in School B are twice as many as that in School A with 5 students. When it comes to Craft and Drawing, the gap is even much more obvious. More than one third of 60 students surveyed in School B claim that their favorite subject is Craft and Drawing and the number of students in School A is considerably lower in School A. Noticeably, the difference of students who like Sports in both schools is further widened. 35 students in School A express their favor in Sport and the number is 6 times more than that in School B.
To sum up, students who enjoy Sport and Craft/ Drawing outnumber students who are fond of other three subjects.
(10 sentences; 206 words)
Some people say that sports should not be encouraged at schools or colleges because they cause competition rather than co-operation among students.
有些人认为体育并没有促进学生之间的相互合作，相反却导致了他们之间的竞争，因此学校和大学不应该鼓励体育方面的活动。
The statistics in the table convey the message of the proportion of students rating 5 aspects as “very good” of three courses in a particular school in the year of 2002.
First, with regard to the course of Economics, most students rated Teaching as very good, and the percentage was 95%, which was followed by Tutor with 90%. Resources (Print) received very good from 81% of students, 20% more than the average percentage of Pre-course Information and Other Resources.
In addition, as to Law, Other Resources was considered as the best, and 80% of students rated it as very good. The least percentage was given to Teaching with 62%. The percentages of Tutor, Pre-course Information and Resources (Printed) were 76%, 72% and 70%.
Finally, 95% of students were satisfied with Pre-course Information and Teaching of Commerce, and they were closely followed by Tutor with 2% less. The percentages of other two aspects were almost the same at 84% on average.
To sum up, the most number of students were satisfied with Commerce and the least number of students were satisfied with Economics.
(9 sentences; 182 words)
The bar graph demonstrates the average teaching hours of teachers in three sorts of school in four separate nations in the year of 2001.
With regard to primary school, teachers in the USA tended to spend the most of time in teaching, and they spent approximately 1100 hours. Teaching time in Iceland comes to the second place and teachers spent around 300 hours less than those in the USA. Teachers in Spain spent less than 700 hours in teaching, 200 hours more than those in Japan.
When it comes to lower secondary school, teaching hours in America were still the most amongst all these countries at roughly 1050, nearly twice as many as those in Japan. By contrast, while teachers in Iceland spent over 750 hours in teaching, those in Spain spent 700 hours.
As to upper secondary school, American teaching hours were still the highest. The figures (800 hours) in Iceland and Spain were nearly the same. Japan had the least teaching hours and the figure was around 700.
To sum up, it is clear that teachers in the United States had spent more time in teaching and teachers in Japan had spent the least hours.
(10 sentences; 197 words)
In order to be a good member of any society the individual must respect and obey the rules of their community and share their values.（1）Educating children to understand the need to obey rules and respect others always begins in the home and is widely thought to be the responsibility of parents.（2） They will certainly be the first to help children learn what is important in life, how they are expected to behave and what role they will play in their world. （3）
首先来看句1和句2， 运用了特殊开头词的写作形式“in order to ”（介词短语放句首）及“Educating”（动名词放句首）。 大部分同学写句子时，名词代词放句首的偏多，特殊开头词引出句子的方法这点我们也是可以学习的。
再来看句子中的respect and obey这组，及what is important in life, how they are expected to behave and what role they will play in their world这组，两组都属于平行结构，一组是短语平行，一组是平行中最高级的用法——从句平行。
本段材料的最后这句，不仅是三个从句的平行，而且万能性还很强。我们可以把主句They will certainly be the first to help children learn中的主语They换成其他主语，如志愿服务工作。我们再来看下这个句子，志愿服务工作可以帮着孩子们学习什么是重要的，应该怎么做及应该在世界中起到怎样的作用。三个从句写出来，不仅句子长度拉长，同时还展示了考官书写从句的能力，最重要的是，考生们还可以学习到举一反三的句式！
最后来看下句2的谓语，共有两个，分别为begin及be widely thought，一主动一被动，这又何尝不是增加句子灵活度的方式？
With the development of computer technology, translation between languages by machines is highly developed in our society. Therefore, some people think it is not necessary for students to learn a foreign language.
Do you agree or disagree?
随着计算机技术的发展，通过机器翻译各种语言变得高度发达。因此，有些人认为学生没必要再去学习外语了。
你同意还是不同意？
Human society has made great technological progress in the last hundred years. Some people think this has had more negative effects on people’s lives than positive ones.
在过去的一百年间，人类社会在技术方面取得了很大的进步。有些人觉得这些进步给人们的生活带来的消极影响要多于积极影响。
你对此是否同意？
Some people prefer to provide direct help and support to those in local communities. Others, however, prefer to donate money to national and international charitable organisations.
有些人更愿意向居住在当地社区的人直接提供帮助和支持。但是，其他人则更愿意把钱捐赠给那些在全国或国际范围内运作的慈善机构。
It has been observed in many countries that not enough students choose to study science subjects at university.
What are the reasons for this problem?
What are the effects of it on society?
在很多国家，大学里选择主修理科类专业的学生人数不足。
导致这个问题的原因有哪些？
这个问题会对社会产生哪些影响？
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