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以谁的名义来写研究生推荐信?
这是在动笔写推荐信之前首先要考虑的问题。是请名人或地位很高的人(如学部委员、大公司总经理、名校校长等)，还是身边了解自己的人(班主任、任课老师，甚至是同学同事?)
许多申请人错误的认为请名头越大的人写越好，这是一个误区。这个问题只能是根据每个人的具体背景来回答，并没有普遍适用的答案，但不管是请什么级别的人来写，一定要体现该推荐人和申请者是如何相识的，是什么关系，并确实了解申请者的情况，这样才合乎情理和逻辑，这样作才符合西方人的思维方式。例如一个本科生，在学术上很一般，请学部委员来写你的学术能力就很牵强，同样GE公司的中国区总经理为一个普通职员写推荐信，也很难让人信服。但反之，如申请者确实学术背景很好，和学部委员有过交流和探讨;或GE公司的部门经理，
那么请学部委员或GE公司的中国区总经理来写就很合情合理，并能写出深度。由于申请人需要将自己的全方位信息展现出来 ，因此你也应当尽量避免请同一类型的人士给你写推荐信。你需要录取评审委员会对你有一个完整而全面的了解，不能只局限于在校的学习成绩或是工作上的表现。因此根据你的自己的实际情况找到合适的推荐人组合是非常重要的。
To Whom It May Concern:
As Principal of George Mason High School I am delighted to recommend to you a stellar member of our teaching staff, Mr. Samuel Cohen, and to write this letter on his behalf. Sam has taught American History at the school for three years. He is one of our most popular and effective instructors and has already won several teaching awards.
He came to us directly upon completion of his bachelor’s degree, but immediately settled in as if an old pro. Sam is a master of all of the ingredients of successful teaching, especially the ability to inspire.
This gentleman is highly professional in both dress and demeanor. To my knowledge Sam has never come to work without both a suit and tie, more times than not a bow tie. The majority of others at the school, both teachers and students, dress differently and lean to more informality. Never once, however, has Sam’s manner of dress elicited the slightest comment. Why? It is simply because Sam’s attire seems entirely natural given his dignified comportment.
That comportment in turn is driven by Sam’s love and respect for American History. Sam views himself as the messenger for something serious and important, and this is reflected in the way he teaches and in the way his students respond.
Reaction to Sam’s classes has been overwhelmingly positive. So much so that more than once it has been reported to me that study hall students have been spotted lingering outside the door to Sam’s classroom listening to his lessons.
Sam’s impact has even been felt outside the school with the parents themselves. His section on the importance of voting has inspired students to cajole their parents to register to vote. Several have mentioned this to me at parent-teacher meetings. One even called the school to have me pass on their thanks to Mr. Cohen.
The only thing that we in the school administration have ever worried about in regard to Sam is the prospect of funding his bottled water. Sam is such a passionate and prolific speaker that he needs a steady supply to maintain his voice. So far we have gotten a pass on this, as students have bought it for him, including what must have been a year’s supply on his last birthday.
It will be a sad day when we announce that Sam will be pursuing his graduate degree on a fulltime basis. We can only hope that he keeps his promise and returns to us as soon as the ink is dry on his new diploma.
Sincerely,
Harold W. Brown
Principal
George Mason High School
To: Graduate Admissions Committee
It is my pleasure to write on behalf of Jane Student, who is applying to the PhD program in Research Psychology at Major University. I have interacted with Jane in several contexts: as student, as teaching assistant, and as thesis mentee.
I first met Jane in , when she enrolled in my introductory Psychology class. Jane immediately stood out from the crowd, even as a first semester freshman. Just a few months out of high school, Jane demonstrated characteristics commonly held by the best college students. She was attentive in class, prepared, submitted well-written and thoughtful assignments, and participated in meaningful ways, such as by debating other students.
Throughout, Jane modeled critical thinking skills. Needless to say, Jane earned one of five A’s awarded in that class of 75 students. Since her first semester in college Jane has enrolled in six of my classes. She demonstrated similar competencies, and her skills grew with each semester. Most striking is her ability to tackle challenging material with enthusiasm and endurance.
I teach a required course in Statistics that, as rumor has it, most students dread. Students’ fears of statistics is legendary across institutions, but Jane wasn’t fazed. As usual she was prepared for class, completed all assignments, and attended help sessions conducted by my teaching assistant. My teaching assistant reported that Jane seemed to learn concepts quickly, learning how to solve problems well before the other students. When placed in group work sessions, Jane easily adopted a leadership role, helping her peers learn how to solve problems on their own. It was these competencies that led me to offer Jane a position as teaching assistant for my statistics class.
As teaching assistant, Jane strengthened many of the skills I have articulated. In this position Jane held review sessions and offered out-of-class assistance to students. She also lectured in class several times during the semester. Her first lecture was a bit shaky. She clearly knew the concepts but had difficulty keeping pace with PowerPoint slides. When she abandoned the slides and worked off the blackboard, she improved. She was able to answer students questions and the two that she couldn’t answer she admitted to and said she’d get back to them. As a first lecture, she was very good. Most important to a career in academics, is that she improved in subsequent lectures. Leadership, humility, the ability to see areas in need of improvement, and the willingness to do the work needed to improve – these are all characteristics we value in academia.
Most important to a career in academics is research competence. As I have explained, Jane has an excellent grasp of statistics and other skills critical to a successful career in research, such as tenacity and excellent problem solving and critical thinking skills. As mentor of her senior thesis, I witnessed Jane in her first independent research efforts. Similar to other students, Jane struggled with finding an appropriate topic. Unlike other students, she conducted mini literature reviews on potential topics and discussed her ideas with a sophistication that is unusual for undergraduates. After methodical study, she chose a topic that fits her academic goals. Jane’s project examined [X]. Her project earned a department award, university award, and was presented as a paper at a regional psychology association.
In closing, I believe that Jane student has the capacity to excel at X and in a career as a research psychologist. She is one of a small handful of student that I have encountered I my 16 years teaching undergraduates that has this ability. Please do not hesitate to contact me with further questions.
研究生推荐信攻略：
每位申请人在准备申请加拿大硕士时都面临一个很现实的问题，就是根据申请要求都必须提供两到三封教授推荐信。而目前学生找教授写推荐信，几乎都是自己写，由教授签名，甚至自行代签。当然，他宣称是教授授权的模拟签字，其实这都是错误的，都不是真实的。
首先，我们要了解推荐信应该谁来写：
1.必须要了解你的人，最好有一年以上，而且是直接了解你的人，亲友长辈或间接的人不要推荐。
2.推荐人不一定需要是大师级或正教授。当然具备此条件更好，但往往鱼与熊掌不可兼得。
3.推荐人要和你申请的专业方向是相关的。
4.写信的人必须要有时间及意愿。
重量级的人基本都很忙，不好意思拒绝，在来者不拒的情况下，推荐信质量必受影响。
5.如果离校很久，找不到过去的老师推荐，则找自己工作单位的领导比较恰当，如果申请的是MBA学位，那么内容就要注重在工作的综合表现能力上。
如何写好推荐信?
1.最好尽早告知推荐人自己的要求。
2.在离写推荐信的`一定时间(最好在2-3个月前)时就提供自己个人的背景介绍，尤其画龙点睛的把自己和推荐人在学习或工作过程中一些值得一提的表现记录下来，以便他能写出具体而真实的推荐信。
3.写信的内容，本科和硕士侧重是不同的，本科应注重申请人全面综合的能力了解，硕士则应注重学生的学术能力包括逻辑，组织，实验各方面。
4.字数不超过800字，其它文件重复性的内容如成绩，排名等则不需再提。
5. 推荐人在推荐信中最好将自己的职称，工作单位及联系方式注明，以便学校要查询时使用。
6. 切记，不要为找“闪光点”无中生有，或讲些表面大众化的夸赞之词，看完之后，一点感觉都没有，这是我在推荐信中最常见到的现象。
7.一定要按各校的规定投递推荐信，原则上不要由申请人自行递推荐信。
美国研究生申请推荐信4要点
首先看看美国研究生申请中推荐信中常见的三个问题：
1、推荐信的长度：一封优秀的推荐信最好不要超过一页;
2、推荐信的目的：推荐信，是推荐者对申请人的一个评价，与PS和简历等由申请人本人对自己情况的介绍不同，它以
第三人称，一个旁观者的角度来介绍所了解的申请人，能起到个人陈述所起不到的作用;
3、推荐信的内容：申请人与推荐人的关系、认识时间、申请人的长处与不足、申请人的关键品质和独特个性等，
4、大家在写推荐信时最易忽视的一些专业词汇的问题，特别是一些关于被推荐人的品性介绍，下面就来看看写推荐信时，必然会提及被推荐人的品性(Characters)。介绍每个人独特的个性用词也十分讲究，下列Characters是国外大学所欣赏的：
(1)Scholastic aptitude(学习方面的'才能)
a. Native intellectual ability(天赋)
b. Imagination(想像力)
c. Creativity(创造力)
d. Capacity for analytical thinking(分析思考能力)
e. Intellectual curiosity或Spirit of inquiry(好奇心)
f. Ability to work independently(独立学习工作的能力)
g. Memory(记忆力)
h. Accuracy(准确性)
i. Methodology(研究方法)
j. Capability for abstract reasoning(抽象推理的能力)
k. Potential as a researcher(研究的潜力)
1. Potential as a teacher(教学的潜力)
m. Ability to express his ideas orally and in writing (口头或文字的表达能力)
n. Capacity， desire and determination for good quality graduate work(获得学业成功的能力、愿望与决心)
o. Probable success as a graduate student(作为研究生成功的可能性)
(2)Academic performance(学业上的表现)
a. Breadth of general knowledge(知识丰富)
b. Knowledge of literature in his field(本专业领域知识)
c. Grade or achievement(成绩或成就)
d. Industry， diligence(勤勉)
e. Participation in discussion(讨论积极)
f. Academic maturity(学业上的成熟)
(3)Languages(语言能力)
a. Ability to speak， understand， read and write the English language(听、说、读、写英文的能力)
b. Ability to read significant literature in other languages than English(英语以外的语言阅读能力)
(4)Character(品行)
a. Honesty; integrity(诚实)
b. Sincerity(诚恳)
c. Sense of responsibility(责任感)
d. Cooperation (合作)
e. Enthusiasm(热诚)
f. Conscientiousness(自觉性)
g. Ethical and moral standards(伦理与道德标准)
h. Reliability; dependability(可靠性)
申请国外研究生推荐信
To Whom It May Concern：
It is my great pleasure to recommend Mr./Miss XXX to you, as she was one of my finest students in our department.
Mr./Miss XXX began attending my English classes in XXXUniversity in XXXX and graduated in spring of XXXX. Though it has been over eight years since I last saw her, the deep impression she made on me has not faded in the least. She is very intelligent, honest, creative, articulate, adaptive person. Her high academic achievement speaks for itself: she consistently scored in the top X% in class.
I am certain that Mr./Miss XXX would make great contributions to your company, and I strongly recommend her for the position. Please do not hesitate to inquire further if I can be of help to you.
XXX
有申请人在写个人陈述的时候，思绪一打开就收不住，写完就超过1500字了。要知道，在招生官审核材料的最忙碌的阶段，过长的文章是没有人愿意也没有时间耐心读下去的。
啄木鸟教育提醒：对于申请研究生的学生来说，课程和研究兴趣是最关键的因素。如果你的个人陈述说了三件事情都是为了说明一个问题，那么为什么不选出一个最具代表性的说明呢-这样会让人觉得你写东西抓不到重点。因此申请文书切忌拖沓冗长，精练、直观、材料支持有力就足够了。
总而言之，我们在文书写作中应注意避免出现以上这些问题，通过文书充分展示出自己的优势、亮点、专业度和学习热情，这样才能够有效提升美国研究生申请的成功率。
resident of tongji university jan. 28,20**
dear sir or madam,
i am a girl of seventeen. what i'd like to say first of all is that i have been longing to be admitted into tongji university since my childhood, for it is the bestuniversity in which one can study architecture. i've been interested in science and engineering, especially architecture since i was about five. i began learning painting at ten, and i've visited many beautiful cities including beijing and qingdao to see the typical ancient or western buildings.
as one of the fans of bei yuming (贝聿铭) , i appreciate his famous designs and visited his latest works, suzhou museum. my ambition is to become an architect like him. to realize my dream, i study hard and all my examination records are among the best. i've got some prizes in my hobbies, watercolor painting and swimming, and as an athlete, i'm healthy enough to face the toughest task in the university.
surely i am among the best candidates,and i hope you will be so kind as to consider my application. thanks,
yours truly
huang lei
我在之前的一篇回答中（撰写留学申请的个人陈述 （PS, personal statement）时有哪些常见的误区？），已经指出过一个内容方面的误区，即把PS变成了加长版的CV，也就是把自己经历罗列堆砌在PS里面，没有反思也没有逻辑。而一篇优秀的PS在内容上应该是饱满的，请看下图：
糟糕的PS像左边那个方块，停留在表层。有没有发现，外面那个粉色的清单就是简历的不同版块。不可否认，按照这样的思路写PS真的很轻松，甚至还有一点“清晰有逻辑”的幻觉呢！事实上，停留在“我做了什么”经历层面的PS是没有诚意的。我们要向下沉，向里面思考。并不是说我们不要写自己的经历。我们当然要写，还要写得漂亮写得有重点有逻辑。人是自己经验的总和，我们的当下总能在过去找到印记。而所谓personal statement就是要呈现这些personal的印记。因此我们要在表层的经历之上不断内省，去发现自己的motivation, interest, competence, goals, plan, 以及 fit for the program，这六个关键词比起经历本身来说，更应该是PS的内核。这里对这个六个词语稍作解释，具体的例子和分析在以后的文章中呈现，可以期待一下。
Cambridge University
England
Dear Sir,
I take pleasure in recom#mending to you Mr xxx who hopes to attend your university for postgraduate studies.
Mr xxx graduated from School of Linguistic Sciences of xxxx Normal University in xxxx and passed with honors in all major courses of linguistics. Mr xxx is planning to go in for further studies in linguistics. I am of the opinion that he is qualified to carry on postgraduate studies in linguistics in general and syntax in particular in your university. I know him to have been a promising student of intelligence and ability. I strongly recom#mend him in his application.
It will be greatly appreciated, if you will give Mr Qian a chance to study in your university.
Truly yours,
Yang xxx (signature)
Prof./Doctor of Linguistics
Dear School’s teachers:
How are you!
As ’s(whose English name is Yuchung)parents, we feel very pround that my son Yuchung will be a member of your school! Knowing that my son has the opportunity to accept better education in your school, both of us not only feel joyful, but also be worry about him. For one thing, we are very happy that my son has been growing up, who is going to take his first step in his life road; for another thing, we are worry about my son being lack of confidence because of unfamiliar environment! Dear teacher, your are the instructor and leader of our child’s life! We are willing to show our highest respect and deepest gratitude!
and self-protection capabilities need to develop further more. However, he has strong language skill and ability to understand, these are his advantages. We wish our child will grow up healthily and happily under your teachers’ care and observation.!
teachers with deep gratitude!
Hope that our parents and teachers maintain unblocked communications with each other, and be possible to become friends!
Wish teachers work happily in the new semester!
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to apply for admission to your university to pursue my . degree. I found that your university has the best graduate program of biology and I am greatly interested in the program.
I graduated in 2008 from Peking University, majoring in biology and holding a bachelor's degree. At university, I took many fundamental courses in biology. My English is excellent as I used to be the chairperson of English Association for two years. After graduation, I have been teaching biology in Capital Normal University. Through my teaching experience, I have not only deepened my understanding in this field, but mastered many advanced research skills as well.
Two of my former professors and the present dean of our department have kindly written letters of recommendation for me, as enclosed with this letter. Thank you very much. I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
(157 words)
贵校各位领导:
您好！
感谢您抽出时间阅读我的申请信。远航，感谢你的东风！我是xx师范学院20xx数学系数学教育专业的应届本科生。即将面临就业选择，很想去你们公司工作。希望与你单位的同事携手共进，共享希望之帆，共创辉煌事业。
大学毕业有一段时间了。前一段时间一直在找适合自己的工作，虽然工作很好找，但是真正适合自己的工作并不多。经过三个多月的迷茫和挫折，我终于意识到，当老师才是真正适合我的职业。经过这么多年的努力，我又一次站在了人生的十字路口。这一次，我决定努力当老师，这是我这么多年学习的目的！
在寒窗苦读了十几年，现在的我充满了骄傲和自信。事业上的成功需要知识、毅力、汗水和机会的完美结合。同样，一个单位的荣誉也需要承载它的载体——人类的无私奉献。恳请贵单位给我一个成为你们一员的机会，我会用百倍的热情和努力回报你们。经过四年多的专业学习和大学生活的磨砺，我在入学的时候已经变得从容淡定。为了立足社会，事业有成，我努力学习了四年，基础课和专业课都取得了不错的成绩。大学期间，他在20xx获得了单科奖学金，达到了国家四级，通过了国家计算机科学一级，通过了国家普通话测试二级甲等，同时在课余时间，我也注重扩大知识面，辅修教师职业技能(中学数学教育)，掌握教学基本功。
学习固然重要，但能力训练也是必不可少的。四年多来，为了提高自己的教学能力，积累教育经验，从大二开始，我就把所有的专业课都学好了，同时在课余时间积极参加辅导活动，为很多数学比较瘸的初、小学生提供数学辅导，大大提高了他们的数学成绩。我的工作也得到了学生家长的肯定和赞扬。为了进一步积累数学教育的系统经验，我去xx一中进行了为期两个月的初中数学教育实习。在为期两个月的实习中，我积极咨询有经验的教师，注重学习他们的教学艺术，提高了我的专业水平和教学表达能力，努力使我的教学风格既信息量大又有趣。通过我的不断努力和教学实践，我拥有了一名优秀的教师，优秀的工作作风，扎实的教学基本功，较强的自学和适应能力，以及良好的沟通协调能力，这让我对未来的教育工作充满了信心和期望。
不断努力，才会不断进步。我熬过了十几年寒窗的辛苦。眼前这个小困难，打不过我。困难是暂时的，只要我继续努力，我会成为一名优秀的老师，请相信我的信心！最后祝你们学校桃李满天下！期待您的消息！
敬礼！
求职者:xxx
xxxx年x月x日
I am writing to you in support of [Mr./Ms. Full Name] and [his/her] desire to attend [University Name] for the [Program Title] program. Though many students ask me to make this request on their behalf, I only recommend students whom I feel are well-suited for the program of their choice. [Mr./Ms. Last Name] is one of those students and therefore, I highly recommend that [he/she] be given the opportunity to attend your university.
As [Professor’s Title] of [Professor’s Department] at [University Name], I work with many students who have substantial knowledge of [Subject]. [Mr./Ms. Last Name] has consistently shown such a strong desire to learn [subject] that I simply could not turn down [his/her] request for recommendation.
I first met [Mr./Ms. Last Name] in my [Course Title] course during the [Season and Year] semester. Compared to the class average of [Class Average], [Mr./Ms. Last Name] earned a [Grade] in the class. [Mr./Ms. Last Name] was evaluated on [explain basis for grades, ., exams, papers, etc.], in which [he/she] performed exceptionally well.
[First Name] is an outstanding individual with a strong character. [He/She] has the ability to produce impressive results in a wide variety of areas. [First Name] is/has [list of positive traits/skills, . organized, motivated, etc.]. I have seen astonishing results on complex projects that offered great attention to detail where quality was never compromised. Additionally, [he/she] has a very positive attitude and truly embraces learning all there is to know about [subject].
Though [First Name] has consistently exceeded in all areas of [his/her] coursework, the best example of [his/her] intelligence shone through a [paper/presentation/project/etc.] on [Work’s Title]. The work clearly showed [his/her] ability to deliver a clear, concise, and well-thought presentation with a new perspective by demonstrating [embellish here].
In addition to [his/her] coursework, [First Name] also dedicated some of [his/her] time volunteering at [Club or Organization Name]. [His/Her] position required [him/her] to [list of tasks]. [He/She] felt volunteering was an important leadership role, in which [he/she] learned [list of skills]. The skills acquired through volunteering will be beneficial to all of [First Name] future endeavors. [First Name] has the ability to manage and organize [his/her] time and schedule around different activities without having them interfere with school. [His/Her] experience at [Club or Organization Name] provided [him/her] with the aptitude that [he/she] needs for graduate school and for a career in [name of career].
I believe [First Name] is destined to be a leader in [type of field], and therefore is an excellent candidate for your school. I highly recommend that you consider [his/her] application, as [he/she] will be a great asset to your program. I’m sure you will find [him/her] to be a student whose talents will only shine further through your graduate program. It is my hope that you will accept [his/her] admission to your university. If you would like further information, please feel free to contact me.
[Professor’s Name]
[Professor’s Title]
[University]
大学录取者非常看重申请者的自述信、推荐信、简历及成绩单等其他材料。他们希望看到申请者经过精心准备后提交的申请材料。如果大部分申请材料雷同、乏味，就很难体现申请者的特点，更难看出申请者具备哪些独特的素质，特别是自我陈述。
英国留学读硕士提早申请三大理由一，去国外留学，各个大学对国际留学生的名额都是有一定限制的，如果名额一旦满了，就不会再录取学生，即使学生本身的条件已经达到学校要求。尤其是一些国际知名大学的强势专业，名额很快就会满。如果赶不上，就只能等到下一年的9月。所以越早着手准备，申请到名校的机会就会越大。
英国留学读硕士提早申请三大理由二，目前众多的英国知名大学，对于没有雅思学生的申请还是接受的，目前大三的学生大多数都还没有任何语言成绩，正好可以利用这段时间边准备材料边学英语，可以有多次参加语言考试的机会。等到留学材料都准备齐全，英国学校也差不多回复结果了。如果结果不理想，那么学生还有充分的时间去选择申请别的学校或专业，如果拿到了中意学校的录取通知书，就可以利用大四的时间去参加一下相关实习工作，对将来到英国学习也会很有很大帮助。
英国留学读硕士提早申请三大理由三，有许多学生因为基础受限，国内又没有很好英语环境，所以语言考试总是通不过。如果是这样，那可以根据个人的情况，选择提前一二个月去英国大学里入读相应的语言课程。英国有纯正的语言环境，再加上纯外教的授课，学生进步会比较快，也更容易适应以后的留学生活。但是语言课程需要另外申请，而且要早入学，所以更加需要提前规划好。
1、不会讲故事
让你的文书像故事一样具有吸引力。很多人认也许不太看重这点，实际要想写好上硕士和博士的文书，你一样要会讲故事，因为只有故事才最有吸引力。
2、文书没有主线和逻辑
现在留学中介做的文书和大部分学生的文书都是一开始说自己是谁，然后下面说自己学习成绩如何，课外活动如何，然后又说自己做了哪些研究，最后就是我要申请啥学校和专业。
这种思路无论怎么写，都是普通的留学文书，是简历的重复，给审核者无法留下深刻的印象。好的文书一定是根据学生的情况，先挖掘连亮点和主线，确定思路，然后在某一、两个点上进行*剖析。
3、因为文化差异的问题，词不达意
例如你说你崇拜的人是屈原，但如果你不交代这个人是谁，老外是无法理解你到底在说什么。所以，申请不能站在自己的角度考虑问题，而是要更多站在阅读者的角度考虑你说的这个东西别人能不能理解。
4、喜欢使用华丽的辞藻和生词
文书最重要的不是辞藻，而是通过文书体现一个人的精神。使用华丽的辞藻，特别容易造成误解，其实作为国际学生，我们能够准确表达自己即可，不要瞎用连自己都无法准确把握的生词。
5、抄袭
每年都有学生因为抄袭申请文章被大学发现，给予重罚。现在一些大学有文章库，输入你的文章，尤其是留学中介为了节省时间而抄的文章，如果发现和库中的文章重合，学生就面临被重罚的危险。这个要非常小心。
Acclaimed as a prodigy, I entered into one of China’s Ivy Leagueuniversities at 14 and joined the country’s topmost scientific researchinstitution as a graduate student at 19. Now an experienced engineer at 26, Iwould like to scale still higher intellectual heights by undertaking advancedstudies that I hope would put me firmly on the cutting edge of .
I have demonstrated a keen mind since my early childhood. For years, Iconsistently outperformed all of my classmates in such challenging subjects asmathematics, physics and chemistry. I was thus chosen to represent either myschool or my city in a variety of provincial and national contests of academicskills, in which I won numerous prizes. This impressive academic record put meon academic acceleration several times. That not only enabled me to finish myprimary and secondary education in eight instead of the usual twelve years butalso sent me at 14 to a privileged class for the gifted at the ChineseUniversity of Science and Technology, a major cradle of the country’s scientificand technological talents.
After two years of basic training in the gifted class, I chose as my major and computer software programming as my minor, convincedthat expertise in these fields would stand me in good stead in an era of China’srapid economic expansion and technological modernization. As you can see fromthe transcripts of my undergraduate grades, I excelled in both of theseareas.
Upon graduation in 1991, I won easy acceptance into the Institute ofElectronics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and became a graduate studentat 19, when most Chinese students would be just starting their universityeducation. At this institute, I narrowed my academic interest down and focusedit on the area of human and artificial intelligence, where the courses I tookwere deliberately concentrated. It seemed to me that scientific breakthroughswould next come in this area, which made it both challenging and promising. Ilearned a whole lot about this area in the course if doing my thesis titled “TheRadio Shunting System in Railroad”, for which some experiments were conducted onthe basis of artificial intelligence.
My solid education paid off in my ability to take on a variety ofresponsibilities in China’s burgeoning software industry. After I obtained myMaster’s Degree in Engineering in 1994, I first took up a job with atelecommunication company, where I managed a trunk communication system thatresembled the cellular wireless system. A year later, I joined a softwarecompany to develop CMIS program for China’s Post and TelecommunicationsMinistry. It was a large project, and I made crucial contribution to it byindependently developing and finalizing one subsystem, which proved to be asignificant success and won me profuse appreciation from users. After thecompletion of that project, I have been working for the Japan Brother Ltd. inthe area of software development.
The relative smooth path of my career notwithstanding, I have not had achance to lead a major project, although I have always finished my part of everyproject immaculately. In spite of all my achievements, I feel that I have nottaken the full advantages of my intellectual capabilities. I now wish to pursuestill more advanced studies and thereby obtain an advanced degree so that I canopen more doors and shoulder greater responsibilities.
I believe I have acquired the necessary theoretical framework andsufficient practical experience for further studies. My ability to teach myselfand conduct independent research allows me to attain competence quickly in areasthat I may at first know very little about. I never work just to finish anassignment, but instead I always try conscientiously to improve my knowledge andexpertise through the work I do. In this fashion, I have become seasoned in suchfields as trunking system (telecommunications) and CMIS system (software). Thisquality should help me as I seek to further upgrade my education, particularlyif I have ready access to the seasoned guidance of a strong faculty and theconvenience of state-of-the-art research facilities.
The University of Idaho is well known for its excellence in the E. E field,complete with an accomplished faculty and modern research resources. Theseshould set a good stage for me to exercise my keen mental power and I am accepted, I am confident that I can make quick progress in the E. Efield, especially in the areas of artificial intelligence, image processing,wireless communication, neural network and computer networking, which have manycharacteristics in common and share many important principles. Due to the broadapplications of these technologies, I believe the progress we make in theseareas will help shape the future of the mankind. I would like t be at theforefront of such progress.
As I am broadly grounded in EE and computer science, you may find mequalified or more qualified for advanced studies in areas other than those Ihave mentioned. If so, I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me knowany suggestions that you may have.
I wish to assure you that I have the necessary English language skills tocomplete advanced studies in your Ph. D. program. I generally read or writeEnglish without any difficulty. I have, over the years, not only read academicor professional materials in English avidly but also memorized the wholeEnglish-Chinese dictionary. There may be room for improvement in my oral Englishand English listening comprehension. But I am sure my English proficiency issufficient for me to undertake advanced studies and research. Besides, I believeI can improve my oral English by leaps and bounds once I start to live in anEnglish-speaking environment. All that I need to do is to set my mind free.
I plan to return to China after the completion of my Ph. D. studies eitherto teach at one of the larger Chinese universities or to lead a high-techcorporation.
英国留学生活注意常识
1.交通规则——靠左行驶
在英国驾车是靠左行。步行要先看右面再看左面。初来乍到，上街时很容易忘记这一点，看错了方向，结果发现一辆车迎面向你驶来。
虽然随时随意横穿马路(JayWalking)在英国是合法的，但人们一般都会等人行过街交通灯变绿后再穿越马路。跟中国不一样的是，英国开车很少按喇叭，除非是非常生气或者严重的事情。
2.多用礼貌用语
在英国，你会发现人们说“请”和“谢谢”的时候比在中国多很多，而且朋友之间也常常用这两个词。使用这些礼貌用语已经成为我们文化的元素。所以。要是不小心撞碰了比人，即使是在地铁上，绝大部分人会很自然地说“对不起”。
3.饮食习惯大不同
在英国喝茶、喝咖啡很多，但进餐时通常喝冷饮料。与中国文化不同的，英国人并不觉得喝热水或热饮料一定有益健康。所以大学校园里没有灌热水的地方，只能看到出凉水的龙头。
即使英国各地都有中国人开的非常正宗的中餐馆，当你的英国朋友说他们吃过中餐时，他们所说的很可能是“英式中餐外卖”，比如炸虾片和柠檬鸡。大城市里有中国超市，你可以在那里买到需要的各种烹饪原料、调味品和锅碗瓢勺。从火锅到电饭锅，一应俱全。但你要是住在比较靠近乡村的地方，一定别忘了从中国带些自己喜欢的各色食品，但是英国海关对旅客携带某些食品入境有严格规定，注意了解这些规定。
另一件需要注意的是就餐时间和量。在英国，晚餐通常比午餐正式，吃得也多。午餐一般就是个三明治，工作休息也就一个小时到半小时之间，这跟中国大部分习惯的热呼呼的午餐相差很大。
4.交通出行
大城市里一般当街招手叫出租车都不便宜，乘公共交通工具要便宜得多。如果真需要出租车，一般都打电话订“小出租车”(mimicab)，这种小出租车比较便宜，但是一定要是合法登记的出租车公司。
英国留学申请书格式【必备】
Dear _,
A fourth-year student grounded solidly in the basics of computer science, I am writing in pursuit of graduate studies that I hope can help me acquire cutting-edge expertise in software programming in general and parallel processing in particular.
Intrigued by the power of the computer since high school, I have been trying to stay on top of the computer science by concentrating my undergraduate studies on those subjects that underpin the discipline, particularly mathematics and electronics. To build up my solid knowledge in these subjects, I have taken virtually all the related courses that the university has had to offer. These courses include Algorithm & Data Structure, Mathematical Modeling, Network Theory, Digital Circuit, Discrete Mathematics, and Electric Circuit. With a sophisticated understanding in these areas, I have been well positioned to appreciate the basic theories of computer science and their applications to software development.
Aided by the firm command of the basics, I have found it not only easy but also exciting to study the various subjects covered by my major. As most of my classmates, I took a variety of courses ranging from AI to Computer Network, from AI Programming to Knowledge Engineering, from Pattern Recognition to Software Engineering, and from Database Design to Programming Language Design. But I distinguished myself by my academic record, which places me as one of the very top students in my class. My grades in these course never went below A or B. I have also stood out as one of the few who have taught themselves Real Time System and Computer Graphics.
Armed with sound training in the basic theories and applied technologies, I have been able to move on into deeper and wider areas of computer science. Early in my university life, I began to understand that the modern computer\'s base, the Turing machine, was reaching its limits in AI. Gradually, I have narrowed down my research interest to parallel & distributive computing, which I understand can significantly boost the performance of personal computers by giving them some of the functions of mainframe computers.
Of all the areas of computer science, parallel processing fascinates me the most. The term first came to me when I read the book Computer Organization & Design: the Hardware/Software Interface as part of my Computer Architecture course. By teaching me how the performance of computers can be improved through pipelining and parallel processing, the book reshaped my thinking in computer science.
My lab experience deepened my understanding of parallel processing. In my third year, I worked on a GIFT project with Dr. Komatsu, chief researcher of IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory and Dr. Koseki, one of Dr. Komatsu\'s colleagues. The project was to introduce the architecture supports that can allow compilers to derive more parallelism from programs. These architecture supports include three designs, a conditional execution mechanism to execute instructions without normal conditional jump instructions, speculative execution mechanism, and a dynamic memory disambiguation mechanism to execute memory access instructions simultaneously.
As undergraduate students seldom get to be involved in actual research, I took full advantage of the opportunity of working in the lab. I particularly enjoyed the seminars held twice a week as part of the lab work. At these seminars, I engaged in in-depth discussions with Master\'s students under Dr. Komatsu\'s seasoned guidance. The lab experience is adding weight and insights to my graduation paper An Improvement of Software pipelining using Loop Transformations. In this paper, I will introduce a translation algorithm using loop interchange and loop skewing. This algorithm can minimize the initiation interval of loop nest to improve the performance of software pipelining.
Through my lab experience and other research, I have developed a long-term professional objective: the advancement of the parallel processing technology. While I have strong faith in this technology, I also know its limitations as it is today. Some sequential algorithms can\'t be easily translated into fast parallel algorithms and most compilers can only distribute works on one platform. Another unsettled problem is that programming parallel computers is now still a manual work. But even the modern language (like Java, C++) can do some automatic translation work. If a compiler can be developed to translate and distribute work into different platforms, personal computers will be able to work like mainframe computers at a fraction of the mainframes\' costs. This will make it possible to connect all the computers in the world and speed up all the processes.
To help take the parallel processing technology beyond what is capable of today, I have to undertake more advanced studies. This, I believe, can only be accomplished in a quality graduate program like yours. I plan to pursue a master\'s degree with a concentration on paralleling and distributing compilers, operating systems or computer networks, a combination thereof. With the training that goes into such an advanced degree, I think I will be able to take great strides towards fulfilling my professional objective. When I do, I think I will be standing on the cutting-edge of the computer science.
英国留学需要准备哪些申请材料
1、学历证明：去英国留学需要提交学历证明，可以是在读证明或者是毕业证学位证，在读证明需要加盖学校的公章。
2、成绩单：需要提供中英文并且盖章的成绩单，一般中文成绩单可以去教务处开具，如果教务处不支持开具英文成绩单，可以交由制定的、正规的翻译机构翻译并且加盖公章;去英国留学通常要求学生的均分达到80%左右，重点大学的学生要求会稍低一些。
3、语言成绩单：语言成绩单在递交申请的时候不一定会用到，但是去英国留学是必须要满足相关院校及专业语言要求的，一般至少要达到分且单项不低于分;通常去英国留学都是提供雅思考试成绩，有效期为两年，对于需要申请语言课程的同学必须报考UKVI的雅思。
2021学生英国留学申请书
Making an option for an undergraduate specialty is just like making an option for the course of life. It is the greatest joy in life to indulge in the study of the specialty that best suits one‘s taste. The specialty of Economic Information Management specialty is an interdisciplinary faculty that combines the knowledge of computer science, economics and management. It covers three major areas that gallop at the fastest speed and throb synchronically with the pulses of the present-day society. As an interdisciplinary subject, it endeavors to investigate the efficacy of computer application in both economy and management. This perfectly fitted in with my innate quickness of thought and my close concern for reality. For several years in the past, I have experienced many setbacks and frustrations in the process of studying this subject, but I have also experienced the joy, the illumination and the stimulation that it brought me with its rapid development and practical values. Anyway, I will continue to be fascinated by this subject with its endless secrets.
Years of study and research, as well as practical work, have enabled me to develop a superb command of computer technology and its application in management. To me, the subjects on data structure, computer network, target-oriented methods and C++, information systems analysis and designing, trade information and EDI, information economics, industrial enterprise information management, and commercial enterprise information management are the most beautiful flowers in this infinitely beautiful garden of knowledge. They exposed to me a brand-new academic sphere featuring interdependence and common advancement, leaving me completely enamored with the enormous practical value of the computer technology. At present, I have become well versed in many professional skills, including Java Delphi, C / C ++, VB, HTML and JavaScript. In terms of operational system and databanks, I am very skilled in Windows NT, UNIX, MSSQL Server, Sybase and DB2. Due to the nature of the specialty, I must closely follow the latest academic developments, especially in the latest progress of computer technology. I often take an active part in academic meetings and technical training. For example, I was involved in a number of academic events sponsored by CCF Young Computer Scientists & Engineers Forum, which covered the development of Linux technology in China, network safety and multimedia technologies. Recently, I have conducted a comparative study of several popularly-employed servers and my research findings will soon be published in the China Computer Technology Journal. In addition to this research, my graduation thesis is another fruition of my devoted academic endeavors. It deals with IC card technology and its application. It aims to resolve the safety and the encryption technology of IC card as well as the concrete design of IC card machine room controls. In this project, we studied the working principles of IC card that can be read repetitively as well as an IC card reader capable of repeated reading to realize the functions of online fee calculation through IC card reading technologies. The research findings were subsequently employed in the management of our university‘s own computer center. The judges of my thesis unanimously rated the thesis as thoroughgoing and exhaustive, replete with original concepts, and with very rich values both in theory and in practice.
My interest and industry were well rewarded with outstanding scholastic results. My fellow students were all very brilliant and I was far behind them when I first entered the university. But my dauntless character drove me upward. I later caught up with them and ranked fourth in a class of 46 students. My GPA was in the four years of study and was in the latter two, showing an upward progress. I scored for four times the highest-grade scholarships and was rated as an outstanding graduate, something very rare in a class. My thesis was also graded “outstanding.”
At the stage of undergraduate studies, I was engaged in specific software development related to my specialty. I realized some financial modules with Visual Foxpro in the E-commerce modular education software. Upon graduation from university, I worked at the Product R&D Department of a very famous computer company mainly involved in the research and development of net banks and online payment. The projects in which I participated at this company include: the R&D of online banking projects of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and the Agricultural Bank of China, and the R&D of intermediate payment products bys Globalset, QSI and Trintech. In the ISO9000 software quality confirmation work, I was responsible for managing and researching the software quality system standards. In the annual China International Financial Exhibition, I was responsible for organizing and planning. During this period of my work, I have become acquainted with many leading techniques, including the demand analysis, systems designing, software designing and project management for ISO90000 standardized techniques related to the Java Enterprise grade and to Network Safety. My performance has received highly positive comments from my superior.
Nevertheless, in the actual working experience, I have become increasingly aware of the weaknesses of the relevant computer technology in China. In the field of E-commerce, China‘s footsteps of development have been withheld mainly because China has neither E-commerce solutions suitable for its particular conditions nor advanced software and network technologies. There is a big gap between China and advanced western countries in software quality because China has not paid adequate attention to this issue. China has not yet developed relevant intellectual technology or established a complete set of reliable mechanisms with regard to the implementation of software designing, testing and maintenance. I have developed an adequate command of the relevant skills in those aspects and I have always maintained an intense interest in them. I hope that by seeking advanced studies abroad, I will succeed in finding a suitable E-commerce solution for China‘s emerging industry in this field. On the other hand, I will be equipped to make contributions to the development of China‘s software sector, especially to help improve its software quality.
A careful investigation has informed me that your university is a leading university featuring an educational system and research atmosphere far more advanced than those in China and boasting a number of accomplished professors whose academic attainments are also far beyond the reach of their Chinese counterparts. It is my belief that I will acquire the most advanced knowledge in the field of E-commerce and software quality, the kind of knowledge that I exploit to promote the development of China‘s own expertise. I am soberly aware that no one can accomplish tremendous achievements in all fields, but as long as I orientate myself to one field for which I have accumulated considerable expertise and constructed a solid groundwork, I am sure that I will attain a fulfilling career out of it.
英国留学的衣食住行介绍
一、穿衣
在英国有很多的大型商场，里面有很多的衣服，当然价格肯定是很贵的，不过质量确实杠杠的，英国人穿得也是比较随意的，比较经典大气。英国的衣服尺码要比国内的大，中国的学生在这里不太好买衣服，想要在这里买一件合身的衣服还需要做很多的功课。建议还是从家里多带些衣服去英国比较好。
二、饮食
英国人主要是吃面食和肉类，米饭也会吃，超市里面的食材也是非常新鲜的一价格也不是很贵，是比较合理的。英国的华人超市有很多国内的食物买，如果你会自己做饭的话是可以有充足的食材给到你的，电器、食材、调料各种中国的厨房用品你都是可以买到的。即使你不想做饭但又想吃中国菜，英国各个城市都是有中国餐厅的，不过在英国吃中国菜是比较昂贵的。英国人喜欢喝茶和咖啡，但是他们不太喜欢喝热水，喝水一般都是喝的凉水，即使在寒冷的冬天也是这样。在英国的学校你也看不到有接热水的地方。
三、住宿
在英国学校的住宿环境是比较好的，平时上课也比较方便，如果你是喜欢独处的一个人你可以选单人床房间，如果你想交朋友你可以选2-4人房的，每个学生都有单独的衣柜。在校外找房子住是相对来说比较自由的，当然房租也要比宿舍贵很多，每个城市的房租不同，看你选的学校是哪个城市的，伦敦肯定是比较贵的。还可以住在英国的当地人的家里面，他们会把你当成他们家庭中的一员，你可以和他们一起吃饭，一起参加家庭聚会，也是要交费用的。
四、出行
英国的车辆是靠左行驶的，这一点你一定要注意。平时去上课，住在学校的学生就不用担心了，走路几分钟就可以到教室，住在外面的学生住的比较远的还可能要坐公交或者地铁，你可以是办一张学生卡，是会优惠很多的。英国的交通还是很完善的，除了上面提到的两种交通工具，国内有的英国也都有。
英国留学名校大概费用
1.伯明翰大学
伯明翰市号称英国第二大城市，位于英格兰中部。
本科生(42周)的生活费预算为￡7308-8820/年;研究生(50周)一年生活费预算为￡8700-9250/年。
2.曼彻斯特大学
从曼城每天有数趟火车直达伦敦，全程2小时。
40周本科生的花销建议为￡9255/年;52周研究生开销建议为￡12045/年。
3.利兹大学
利兹是一座充满活力和多元文化的国际大都市。大学主校园就在市中心。利兹生活费为￡134-177/周。
4.利物浦大学
利物浦大学位于英国利物浦市，世界一流公立研究型大学，英国老牌名校。去英国留学费用，一个月的费用预算为￡800-1200/月。
5.谢菲尔德大学
谢菲尔德市位于环境优美且历史悠久的南约克夏郡，地处英国中心地带，距离伦敦170英里，车程约二小时四十分钟。学校对生活费的建议是￡800/月。
6.华威大学
华威大学坐落在英格兰中部城市考文垂市郊，距离市中心约5公里。
对于本科生9个月的包含了学费以及生活费的建议为￡9000。而研究生不包含学费的12个月生活费为￡6015-8125/年。
英国留学大学面准备事项
1、英国留学面试前要做好准备
英国留学申请面试之前，大家要对自己的英国留学申请材料熟悉，里面包含的内容，个人陈述的内容，申请的学校专业相关信息等要做到心中有数。在面试前还要对申请的学校做充分了解，像是学校的位置，专业设置，课程有哪些等等。
2、英国留学申请面试中的注意事项
在面试中要自己主导方向，不要被面试官牵着鼻子走，自己对面试要有个清晰的思路，知道怎么应对面试官的各种问题，在面试官问你的时候也可以向他咨询一些相关学校专业几个方面配套信息，要知道面试是双方面的，让学校了解你同时你也要更了解学校。
面试时穿正装，特别是一些视频面试的同学，视频面试时，不要穿的太家居，招生官会觉得你对此次面试不重视，给人留下不好的印象。
英国留学注意事项面试过程中要让招生官感受到你对该专业学习的热情及计划，对所学专业有所了解，并有大致的学习计划。面试时，要集中注意力清楚的知道招生官问的每个问题，然后又组织的回答，尽量展现出自己拥有的特点，让招生官对你印象深刻。
3、你要知道的事
英国大学的面试，大多希望从中了解到学生的沟通能力及思维方式等。及时你觉得面试官问的问题很简单，但是可能就是这些简单的问题就能让人了解你的思维和价值观。学校会根据你的表现来判定你是否适合学校的学习和生活环境。
同时，面试也是让招生官们能了解你申请材料的真实性，所以在面试过程中可能会问到你材料中的问题及各种细节，所以对于申请材料大家要足够熟悉。
英国大学比较看重学生的综合能力，所以面试时需要做自我介绍。自我介绍要短小简洁抓住要点。说说自己对专业的想法及兴趣或计划，阐述自己拥有的特点，能为学校带来些什么，让招生官感受到你对学校的向往。
9月是申请英国硕士课程的最重要的时机，英国大学会在每年的9-10月前后审核申请人的材料，开始录取工作。英国大学的硕士研究生课程含金量高，时间紧凑，只有一年的时间，因此每年有众多的申请人选择留学英国。
对于英国本国的学生，一般要求本科毕业。国内本科毕业生可以直接入学读英国硕士；国内大专毕业生工作三年以后，可以攻读英国硕士学位。一般国内大学毕业，有学位，成绩80分以上，可以申请优质名校，成绩75分以上，可申请中上水平的学校。费用根据不同的专业学费相差很大，每年学费在9000至15000英镑不等，约合人民币10至15万元。
申请到自己满意的学校，还需要申请者提供一份完美、独特的申请材料。大学录取者非常看重申请者的自述信、推荐信、简历及成绩单等其他材料。他们希望看到申请者精心准备后提交的申请材料，如果大部分申请材料雷同、乏味，就很难体现申请者的特点或者兼备哪些独特的品质。特别是自我陈述，像你的一副自画像，如果敷衍了事，不可能给录取者留下好印象，申请表也是必须认真填写的文件，这是录取人先看到的文件，应做到内容准确。没有经验的申请者应找专业的留学中介制作相关材料，以确保不会应为一些小错误而错失申请机会。
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