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Shanghai is my favourite city in China. It's the biggest cities in China with an area of 6,340square kilometers and a population of million. Moreover, Shanghai is the central city of our country. It's the center of economy, technology, industry, finance and trade centre. Shanghai is also an emerging tourist city, with profound modern urban culture and many historical monuments. It has successfully held the World Expo. It has become an international city with its high reputation in the world. In my opinion, it looks like a highly motivated youth with courage, strong willpower and ambition. I look forward to working in such an energetic city in the future.
上海是我最喜欢的中国城市。它是中国最大的城市，面积达6340平方千里，人口达亿。而且，上海是我国的中心城市，是经济，技术，工业，财政以及贸易中心。上海也是一座新兴的旅游城市，具有深厚的近代城市文化底蕴和众多的历史古迹。上海已经成功举行了2010世博会。它已经成为一个国际化大都市，在世界上享有很高的荣誉。在我看来，它看起来像一个充满活力的青年，拥有勇气，坚强的意志和野心。我希望将来能在这样一座充满活力的城市工作。
段背记知识清单
默写渔人“访问桃花源”的两段。
林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之届。阡阳交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中间有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔，问今是何世。乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至巨其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”
Unit 5 p I used these notes to wte another article about the clock tower. Then we interviewed other neighbors. Everyone had their own ideas.
The Chu family said, _late at night, we found footsteps in the cordor. We thought it might be a neighbor. So we didn't mind Lao Zheng saying that when I heard the noise, I thought someone wanted to get in thugh the window, but I still couldn't find it People, I think the wind may be blowing, Xiao Ning said, ry time I go home, I can find garbage at my door, so I think maybe the cat often eats near my home.
中文翻译：
第五单元P用这些笔记写了另一段关于钟楼文章我们采访了其他邻居每个人都有自己想法楚家说，深夜，我们发现走廊上有脚步声我们以为可能是邻居，所以我们根不介意老郑说，当我听到噪音时候，我以为有人想从窗户里钻进去，但我最后还是找不到人，我想可能是风吹得小宁说，每次回家，我都能在我家门口找到垃圾，所以我想可能是猫经常在我家附近吃东西。
重点句子背记知识清单 1.用原文填空。
(1)描写桃花林优美景色的句子是夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。
(2)描写桃花源内美好的自然环境的句子是土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属。
(3)表现桃源人精神风貌的句子是黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
(4)表现桃源人热情好客的淳朴风尚的句子是便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食，余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。
2.将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。 (1)渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。
渔人觉得这种景象非常奇怪，又继续往前走，想找到林子的尽头。点拨：重点理解“异”“穷”等词。
(2)土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属。
土地平整开阔，房屋整整齐齐，有肥沃的田地、明净的水塘和桑树竹子之类。点拨：重点理解“平旷”“俨然”“属”等词语。 (3)黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
老人和小孩都高高兴兴自得其乐。 点拨：重点理解“黄发”“垂髫”“并”“怡然自乐”等词语。
(4)自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。 (他们)自己说祖上为躲避秦朝时的战乱，率领妻子儿女和乡邻来到这与世隔绝的地方。
点拨：重点理解“妻子”“邑人”“绝境”等词语。 (5)问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。
(他们)问现在是什么朝代，竟然不知道有过汉朝，更不必说魏晋了。 点拨：重点理解“何世”“乃”“无论”等词语。
新学期的第一堂英语课，应当怎样上才能收到好的教学效果呢?常言道：“好的开端才会有好的结果。”可见，上好每个学期的第一堂课很有积极意义。经过几十天的假日休整，久违了的英语课堂，学生一开始肯定会有些不适应。很可能注意力不集中, 思维不活跃，课堂纪律也不大好控制。根据以往的经验，此时，花再多的时间讲纪律也于事无补，那样反而会使课堂更加枯燥乏味，学生提不起兴趣。尽管已经背好了教案，我却在上课之前十分中感到了一丝不安和刹那间的困惑。若是按常规上新课——教生词、短语、句型及语法。有可能出现因课本难度太大而导致大多数学生感到紧张，有压力，或一时难以接受新知识，最终产生厌学情绪。另外，倘若学生的学习积极性没调动起来，他们就无法做到积极主动地学习，随之，课堂将会死气沉沉，则很有可能使整堂课以失败而告终。这堂课的教学能达到预想的效果吗?我心里正犯“嘀咕”….
猛然，只听得“叮呤……”一声-----预备铃响了。我快速步入教室，感觉与以往不同。原本那么吵闹的223班学生，也许是因为第一节课有种新鲜的感觉，居然还坐得端端正正。我心中充满欢喜，也很感动。此时，望着学生那种期盼的表情，我顿生感悟。随即便面带微笑，亲切自然地跟学生打招呼：Hello，everybody! Welcome back to school! Nice to meet you again. 宣布上课之后，接着又由浅入深地与学生一起谈论有关假期中的一系列问题： Did you have a good summer holiday / vacation? What did you do on vacation? Did you finish doing your homework? What else did you do during the vacation? Where did you go on vacation? Did you go to Beijing? Did you go to visit your grandparents in the country? 一边说一边把这些句子写在黑板上，并让学生自由回答，将学生一步步引入英语学习的情境中;这下学生可活跃起来了。待学生有了学习的兴趣和热情，就势趁热打铁，导入新知识----很自然地询问学生：How often do you go to Beijing? How often does he go to visit his grandparents? What do you / often / usually do on vacation? 这些问题先由我与学生做问答示范，再让学生进行相互问答练习。同时，充分利用学生的好奇心、好胜心以及自我表现的欲望，安排自由下位作调查，写报告的时间。引导学生自发进入主动学习的境界;学生有了自觉的学习行为后，再加上我适时地作一些关键性指导，很快，这节课中的难点就迎刃而解了。就这样，看似闲谈，实为新知识的学习。一堂课下来，同学们就在这轻松愉快的学习氛围中掌握了本节课的学习重点。这无疑是教育智慧的一种成功的体现。
正所谓“教无定法”，在这堂课的教学中便得到了很好地验证，它充分展现了教学过程中的生成性特点。诚然，上好一堂课的前提是要求我们教师认真地备好课，并且做到“三备” ：备教材，备教法，备学生，做好预设。但在新课程改革的今天，我们偶尔也会遇上这样的困惑：明明是本着先进教学理念、教学方法扎扎实实地备好了一堂课，结果一上，却走了调，收效甚微。究其因，教师按课前设计的程序，按部就班，刻意将学生纳入自己既定的理想的教学轨道，却忽视了学生的个性和思维的发展(这是一个不定的变数);忽视了教学过程的生成性特点。这样无异于一种新型的填鸭式教学。其教学目标似乎可望实现，但是教学过程却得不到优化，更谈不上实现课堂教学的创新，或教师教育智慧的真正体现。
重点字词
1.给下列加点字注音。
俨yǎn然 阡陌qiān mî 髫tiáo 诣yì 间jiàn隔 问津jīn 此中人语yù云 点拨：注意多音字“间”“语”的读音。 2.解释下面加点的词语。
(1)缘溪行，忘路之远近。缘：沿着。 (2)仿佛若有光。
仿佛：隐隐约约，形容看得不真切的样子。 (3)有良田美池桑竹之属。 属：类。 (4)悉如外人。 悉：都。
(5)具答之。 具：详尽，详细。 (6)问今是何世。 世：朝代。 (7)此人一一为具言所闻。 具言：详细地说出。 (8)皆叹惋。 惋：惊讶、惊奇。 (9)便扶向路。 扶：沿、顺着。 (10)及郡下，诣太守。 及：到。诣：拜见。 (11)处处志之。 志：做标记。 (12)欣然规往。 规：计划。 (13)未果，寻病终。 未果：没有实现。 寻：随即，不久。
(14)后遂无问津者。 津：渡口。 3.找出下面句中的通假字并解释。 便要还家。 要通邀，解释为：邀请。 4.辨析下面加点词的古今义。 (1)率妻子邑人来此绝境。
妻子：古义：妻子儿女。今义：男子的配偶。 绝境：古义：与世隔绝的地方。 今义：山穷水尽的地步。 (2)阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。 交通：古义：交错相通。 今义：各种运输事业的总称。 (3)芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。
鲜美：古义：鲜艳美丽。今义：食物味道好。 (4)乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。 无论：古义：不要说，更不必说。 今义：表条件关系的关联词。 (5)不足为外人道也。
不足：古义：不值得。 今义：不充足，不够。 5.请写出出自本课的成语，并解释其意思。(至少三个) (1)成语：世外桃源。
意思：指不受外界影响的地方或幻想中的美好世界。
(2)成语：豁然开朗。 意思：形容由狭窄昏暗-变而为开阔敞亮。也比喻对某个道理长期思索不解后突然明白。 (3)成语：无人问津。
意思：比喻没有人过问或尝试
【重点单词】
1. 词形转换
(1) adj. + ly → adv.
loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly
clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily
(2)过去式
fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt
(3)
ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness
start(同义词)begin
far(反义词)near
smoke(现在分词)smoking
careless(反义词)careful
important(比较级) more important
enjoy(现在分词)enjoying
初二期末英语语法知识点总结归纳
1.由that引导，由于that没有任何意义，也不充当任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。
told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.
Tom says (that) he must study hard.
She told me (that) she was a student.
(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。
said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.
(2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导，含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。
you know who they’re talking about?
Can you tell me what they’re looking for?
I don’t know where she has gone.
I wonder how she can find us.
She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.
3.由从属连词whether和if引导，含有“是否，能否，对否，有否”等一般疑问意义。
asked me if I could help her.
Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.
Please tell me whether you can come or not.
在这类宾语从句中要注意两点：
(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别
if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”，从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。
if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”，从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
wanted to know if you were a teacher.
I don’t know if the letter is yours.
They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.
I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.
(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换，但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时，通常用whether，并在后面的加上“or not”，即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。
find out whether the money is his or not.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I want to know whether you can help me or not.
As the rain patting the old trees, all the dust was wiped away in no time, making them younger than ever. Everything is green, and green is flowing everywhere. The grass straightens their little limp body with enough water supply; the red Kapoks in the front gate were darkened, just like a burning flames high in the trees.
Someone may complain about the dampness and uncomfortableness of such weather. Indeed, everything feels wet. I believe if you stretch out and squeeze the air, there may be water trickling from you hand! Someone sighs at their forever-wet clothes, praying it will never rain tomorrow. As we walk we can feel the vapor, cool and fresh , or damp for someone who dislike this kind of weather.
Despite of its dampness and uncomfortableness, I still love rainy days, because it brings me a piece of calmness, with its harmonious concerto and refreshing cool feelings. Everything is cleaned in and out, the oxygen is pumped in multiply. As I’m listening to the concerto if spring frogs, I felt into my sweet dreams within seconds.
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山
go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营
quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间
taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 feel like给……的感觉；感受到
go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为
one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续
take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来
buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来……
nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……
arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地
decide to do sth.决定去做某事
try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事
Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？
so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不
once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空
It was October 12th yesterday. My friends held a birthday party for me. In the morning, they came to my home early, and they brought many presents for me. I liked them very much. I invited them to the KTV, we sang songs, danced and played games. About 5:30 ., we went my home. My mother had cooked a delicious dinner for us. After dinner, we watched TV and at about 8:30 . we ate birthday cake. There were fifteen candles on my birthday cake. I made a silent wish, and then I blew the candles out in one breath. I had an interesting birthday party. We had a good time in the party. I was so grateful to what they did for me.
昨天是10月12日，我朋友给我举办了一个生日聚会。早上，他们早早就来到我家，而且给我买了很多礼物。我很喜欢它们。我邀请他们去KTV唱歌，我们唱歌，跳舞和玩游戏。大约5点半的样子我们就回家了。我妈妈给我们煮了一顿可口的晚餐。吃完晚饭，我们就看电视，大约晚上8点半的样子我们就吃生日蛋糕。我的生日蛋糕有15根蜡烛。我许了一个愿，然后一口气吹灭蜡烛。我度过了一个有趣的生日聚会，聚会上我们玩的很开心。我很感激他们为我做的一切。
一般疑问句
一、不用疑问词，但需要用yes或no回答的疑问句，叫一般疑问句。句末用问号“?”。
一般疑问句的基本用法及结构一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问，通常可用yes和no来回答，读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+主语+谓语(表语)”：
Is he interested in going? 他有兴趣去吗?
Have you ever been to Japan? 你到过日本吗?
Does she often have colds? 她常常感冒吗?
Did you ask her which to buy? 你问没问她该买哪一个?
二、陈述句变一般疑问句的方法
1.动词be的疑问式：动词be根据不同的时态和人称可以有am， is， are， was， were等不同形式，可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等)，但不管何种情况，构成疑问式时，一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首：句型：Be动词+主语～?
Is your father angry?你父亲生气了吗?
Yes，he is.是的，他生气了。
No，he isn't.不，他没生气。
Were the babies crying last night?(进行时)
昨天晚上这些孩子们一直在哭吗?
Yes，they were.是的，他们在哭。
No，they weren't.不，他们没哭。
Is English spoken all over the world?(被动语态)
全世界都说英语吗?
Yes，it is.是的。
No，it isn't.不。
How to be healthy? I think I'm healthy. You want to know how I stay healthy. Let me tell you: exercise outside three times a day.
Eat fresh vegetables, fruits and less meat. Nr eat junk food. I sleep than nine hos a day.
I think it's important to get a good sleep. I often wash my hands before eating. That's my secret to keep healthy.
I think a good habit in life can make you stnger , to you learn better.
如何健康我认为我很健康你想知道我如何保持健康让我告诉你：一天三次在户外锻炼多吃新鲜蔬菜，水果和少吃肉从不吃垃圾食品我每天都睡9个多小时我觉得睡个好觉很重要我经常在吃饭前洗手这是我保持健康秘诀我认为在生活中养成一个好习惯可以使你更强壮，帮助你更好地学习。
八年级英语单元测试题
一、语音知识
找出下列各组划线部分读音不同于其他三个的词，将其字母标号填入括号中，Could you help me, please? 单元测试。
［ ］1. A. Monday B. bottle C. clock D. orange
［ ］2. A. carry B. could C. certainly D. welcome
［ ］3. A. heavy B. empty C. carry D. bye
［ ］4. A. help B. welcome C. empty D. basket
［ ］5. A. blue B. could C. too D. to
二、词组英译
将下列词组翻译成英语。
6. 看一看 ______________________________
7. 太重 ________________________________
8. 一瓶桔子汁 __________________________
9. 一个小盒子 __________________________
10. 怎么样...? _______________________
三、句型转换
根据括号内的要求，改写句子，每个空格内只填一个单词，使句子意思完整与正确。
11. Han Meimei is on duty today. (对划线部分提问)
______ is on duty today?
12. That box is empty. (改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ box empty?
13. I can carry the box. (改为否定句)
I ______ carry the box.
14. We are all here today. (改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ all here today?
15. Your new shirt is on your bed. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ your new shirt?
四、单项选择
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的'正确答案。
［ ］16. The box is too heavy. Let ______ help you.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
［ ］17. What is the name ______ her cat?
A. of B. on C. at D. to
［ ］18. We are all ______ school today.
［ ］19. Here ______ a full bottle of orange.
A. are B. is C. am D. have
［ ］20. This bottle is empty. It is not a full ______.
A. bottles B. cup C. one D. glass
［ ］21. Let me have ______ your new bike.
A. a look B. look C. a look at D. look at
［ ］22. This is ______.
A. my bag B. a my bag
C. mine bag D. the mine bag
［ ］23. Lucy and Lily want ______ those things in the car.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts
［ ］24. Liu Ying ______ on duty today.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
［ ］25. —— Can you carry the box?
—— ___________.
A. Yes, I can B. Yes, I can't
C. I can carry it D. I can't carry it
五、补全对话
在下列对话的空白处填入一个恰当的词、词组或句子，使对话完整，正确，英语试题《Could you help me, please? 单元测试》。
Teacher: Good morning, class!
Students: Good morning, teacher!
Teacher: Please sit 26 . Who's on 27 today?
Zhang Hua: I am.
Teacher: Are we 28 here today?
Zhang Hua: No.
Teacher: Who isn't 29 school today?
Zhang Hua: Li Ming.
Teacher: Where is he?
Zhang Hua: Sorry, I 30 know. I think he's at home.
26. ______27. ______28. ______29. ______30. ______
参 考 答 案
一、1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. B
二、6. have a look 7. too heavy 8. a bottle of orange 9. a small box 10. What about ... ?
三、11. Who 12. Is that 13. can't 14. Are we 15. Where is
四、16. B 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A
五、26. down 27. duty 28. all 29. at 30. don't
庚子年初，新冠肺炎肆虐。为了不给外界添乱，一场宅家战役就此打响。整天寸步不迈出门，让我觉得怪无聊的。妈妈拿出了一本古诗词的书籍，于是，我们每天诵读一两首古诗词，渐渐地，我爱上了古诗词。有了古诗词的陪伴，这宅家生活还别有一番趣味。
现实主义诗人杜甫写了一首《春望》。八年的安史之乱使得唐朝由盛转衰，杜甫来到长安城，看到满城荒凉、一片狼藉的景象后，他心中充满了悲切。“感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。”这句诗“移情于景”，杜甫内心十分伤心，所以他觉得万物皆悲。杜甫十分爱国，看到国家正经历着磨难，心中的愁苦、悲愤在这首诗中表现得淋漓尽致，正因此，这首诗成了千古名诗。
古诗词的世界广阔无边，我将继续探索，感受它的独特魅力。同时，我也希望这场没有硝烟的战争能快点结束，让我们早日回到日思夜想的校园！
八年级下学期语文第5单元作文
十二单元的语法内容为形容词最高级，在学习比较级时已经把最高级带进去了，所以应该是复习内容。Section的1b的对话挺好的，几乎囊括最高级的所有形式：best,closest, cheapest, most comfortable, biggest, friendliest
词汇方面继续加强了学生对构词法的认识：
service ,serve
creative, create, creator
invent , invention, inventor
act, action, activity, active
act, play, profermance, program, show
perform, perfomer, perfomance
success, successful, successfully, succeed
prize, pride, proud
music, musical, musician
功能方面，如果让学生敞开谈他们自己的想法，由于他们单一的生活，没有很多可以展开的，还不如好好利用Secction B中2a的图片，让他们尽可能地说出他们自己的想法，练习了形容词，对听力内容进行了猜测预热，锻炼了观察力。
Self check中的练习2也是一个很好体现学生自己想法的素材，让他们从中选择寒假度假目的地并说明原因。
I am very healthy now. I don't like to eat junk food becse I think junk food is very dirty. I get up early and go to bed early ry day.
So I have to sleep at least 8 hos ry night and exercise for half an ho ry morning. So I think I am very healthy.
我现在很健康我不喜欢吃垃圾食品，因为我觉得垃圾食品很脏，我每天早起早睡，所以我每晚至少要睡8个小时，每天早上还要锻炼半个小时，所以我觉得我很健康。
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