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一:1、题目。应能概括整个论文最重要的内容,言简意赅,引人注目,一般不宜超过20个字。 论文摘要和关键词。 2、论文摘要应阐述学位论文的主要观点。说明本论文的目的、研究方法、成果和结论。尽可能保留原论文的基本信息。
最好说下论文的思路和提纲怎么写,谢谢。
范文: How People Spent Their HolidaysYear 1990 1995 2000Traveling 37% 51% 76%Staying at home 63% 49% 24%1. 上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况。
都是图表…还有那个娃哈哈集团童装市场的近年情况,贝婴美奶粉的近年销售。
画图表的话,也有数据来源吧,要么直接写数据来源(统计数据从期刊、杂志、著作)来的,要么数据是自己统计的,就直接写统计方法(比如抽样调查而来、或者历史数据统计得到)。
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of . population from 1800 to 1990, the number of its wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period. Naturally, we can draw the conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth.
Several reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, people consume much more natural resources. Second, with the increase of human activities, modern people take up more and more space which exerts a great influence on other species. Finally, the problem of pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of modern industry. More and more animals have to adapt themselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes.
Solving this problem calls for, above all, the government’s efforts to control population growth, to decrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should be aware of this ecological crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlife protection. In a word, only when the government and the common people make joint efforts can we hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem. (216 words)
Given the chart(graph) and analysis above, it can be concluded that_____.
翻译:基于以上的图表以及分析,可以总结出_____.(划线部分要表示出图表中的这种现象还会继续持续下去)
例句:Given the chart and analysis above, it can be concluded that the population growth will continue in the next few years.(表示出这种现象还会继续持续)
(1)the pie chartabove illustrates ______.(划线部分填这个图表所展示的内容)
翻译:以上的饼状图说明的是_____.
(2)the bar chartabove illustrates ______.(划线部分填这个图表所展示的内容)
翻译:以上的柱状图说明的是_____.
(3)the line graghabove illustrates ______.(划线部分填这个图表所展示的内容)
翻译:以上的折线图说明的是_____.
例句:the pie chartabove illustrates the population growth of recent years.
注意:划线部分所填内容一般就是图表的标题。也即这个图表表示的是个什么东西。
二、接着按照所给图表对其中数据进行详细阐述
图表题常用短语:
1. 增加类短语:
increase by(增加了多少)
increase to(增加到多少),
rise from…to…(从多少增加到多少).
…shows an upward trend(某个东西显示出向上的趋势)
例句: It can be seen that the population has increased by 35%.
It can be seen that the population has increased to 14 million by 2022.
It can be seen that the population rises from 13 million to 14 million.
It can be seen that the population shows an upward trend.
2. 减少类短语:
decrease by(减少了多少)
decrease to(减少到多少)
reduce by(减少了多少)
reduce to(减少到多少)
fall from…to…(从多少降低到多少)
…shows a downward trend(某个东西显示出向下的趋势)
例句: It can be seen that the population has decreased(reduced) by 35%.
It can be seen that the population has decreased(reduced) to 14 million by 2022.
It can be seen that the population falls from 14 million to 13 million.
It can be seen that the population shows an downward trend.
3. 量词短语:
the proportion of something (某个东西的分量)
the figure of something(某个东西的数量)
the number of(某个东西的数量)
the rate of(某个东西的比例)
the percentage of(某个东西的百分比)
4. 连接词短语:
by contrast(相反的)
on the contrary(相反的)
while(而)
respectively(各自)
例句:
1) the proportion of elders has only 1%. By contrast(on the contrary), young people accounts for the largest proportion,which is 75%.
翻译:老年人比例仅仅占据1%,相反的,青年人比例占据最多,是75%。
2) The rate of men and women is 51% and 49% respectively.
翻译:男人的比例有51%,女人的比例有49%
3) The number of elders shows an upward trend, while the number of young people shows an downward trend.
翻译:老年人的数量呈现上升趋势,而年轻人数量却呈现下降趋势。
图片模板:
It seems to me that the cartoon / drawing issending a message about ____________(图画内容),which reveals ____________(稍作评价).
In myperspective of view, ____________ (表明个人观点)。
Apparently, ____________(将个人观点和图片内容相结合,得出观点。)For one thing, ____________(从社会角度论证).
For another thing, ____________(从个人角度说明).
For example, ____________(自己、朋友或他人,只要自己知道或听过的例子).
Last but not least, ____________(从反面角度谈论).
Asa result, the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _____________(建议或措施).
Only inthis way can we ____________(展望结果).
In conclusion / To my understanding, ____________(再次表明观点或态度).
We should____________(进一步说明个人的观点).
图表模板:
According to the bar chart / pie chart / line graph displays the changes in the numberof____________(图表整体趋势).
There was an increase in ____________(图表细节).
At the point of ____________, ____________reaches its peak value of ____________(数据或变化).
What has caused these changes? There are mainly three reasons.
Firstly, ____________ (原因一).
Secondly, ____________(原因二).
The number of ____________ increased overthe period.
____________ rose by _________ from ________ to ________________.
Andthere were____________.
Finally, ____________(最后一个原因).
In conclusion / We can safely draw the conclusion that ____________(结论).
Therefore, ____________(进一步谈论更多个人想法).
From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.
There are numerous reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new
environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Consequently, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.
In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment. (210 words)
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